ArticleBMC public health2020
Milk-borne bacterial health hazards in milk produced for commercial purpose in Tigray, northern Ethiopia.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of physicochemical properties and bacteriological quality of raw cow milk along the Dairy Value Chain in Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp in dairy farm in the Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Salmonella From Bulk Milk at the Dairy Farm Level in Mekelle and Southeast Zones of Tigrai, Ethiopia.MicrobiologyOpen · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Immunoassay-mass spectrometry to identifyFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Impact of container type on the microbiome of airag, a Mongolian fermented mare's milk.Bioscience of microbiota, food and health · 2025Article
- Whole genome sequence analysis of multi-drug resistant and biofilm-forming Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolated from bovine milk.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Comparative analysis of nutritional quality and microbial contamination in camel milk: Evaluating safety and public health risks between camel milk obtained from street vendors and farms in Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2024Article
- Occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and resistance genes of Staphylococcus aureus in milk and milk products in the Arsi highlands of Ethiopia.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Microbial risk assessment of dairy products from retail marketplaces in Basrah province, Iraq.Open veterinary journal · 2024Article
- Kinship analysis ofVeterinary world · 2024Article
- Hygienic Practices of Vendors and Their Contribution to Coliform,International journal of food science · 2024Article
- Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase ProducingVeterinary medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Seasonal Comparison of Microbial Hygiene Indicators in Raw and Pasteurized Milk and Cottage Cheese Collected across Dairy Value Chain in Three Regions of Ethiopia.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Quantitative Associations between Season, Month, and Temperature-Humidity Index with Milk Yield, Composition, Somatic Cell Counts, and Microbial Load: A Comprehensive Study across Ten Dairy Farms over an Annual Cycle.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Factors influencing somatic cell counts and bacterial contamination in unpasteurized milk obtained from water buffalo in Bangladesh.Tropical animal health and production · 2023Article
- Heat-resistant and biofilm-forming Escherichia coli in pasteurized milk from Brazil.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2023Article
- Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, Antimicrobial Resistance Genes, and Antibiotic Residue in Food from Animal Sources: One Health Food Safety Concern.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Pathogenic Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Milk, Yoghurt and Milk Contact Surfaces in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Investigation on Bacterial Growth and pH in Milk after the Expiration Date.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMilk being a suitable medium for bacterial growth, it can serve as a source of bacterial contamination. Pathogenic bacteria in milk pose a serious health threat to humans and constitute about 90% of all dairy-related diseases. However, there are few studies that examined the health hazards of raw milk consumption in Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of bacterial contamination and associated factors in milk produced for commercial purpose in Tigray region, northern Ethiopia.
methodsThis study used a cross-sectional study design, selected 315 persons (168 cafeterias, 96 dairy farms, and 51 milk vendors) for interview and collected the same number of bulk raw milk samples using systematic sampling procedure. Data were collected on socio-demographic, farm hygiene and milk handling practices by trained health professionals. Bacterial contamination was defined as total bacterial count (TBC) > 1 × 10
resultsFrom the 315 milk samples tested, the prevalence of bacterial contamination was 52% (95% CI: 46.5-57.6). The mean counts of contaminated samples of TBC, SC, and CC were 8.94 ± 0.46 Standard Deviation (SD), 8.52 ± 0.6 SD, and 8.78 ± 0.49 SD log CFU/ml, respectively. The proportion of contamination was significantly lower in milk collected from dairy farms (32/96, 33.3, 95% CI: 24.5-43.2) compared to milk from vendors (33/51, 64.7, 95% CI: 51.4-66.2) and cafeterias (99/168, 58.9, 95% CI, 50.9-76.85). The milk samples were culture-positive for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, K. oxytoca and Citrobacter freundii.
conclusionsOver half of the sampled raw milk exhibited bacterial contamination with increasing trend from farmers to points of sale. Thus, milk vendors and cafeteria owners should apply good hygienic and sanitation practices during handling of milk; use appropriate, clean containers, and cold chain during milk transportation; and refrigeration of milk during storage.
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