ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
Detection of Pharmaceutical Residues in Surface Waters of the Eastern Cape Province.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microalgae-mediated treatment of pharmaceutical contaminants: degradation pathways, advance system design, and priority research needs.Biodegradation · 2026Review
- Relationship between land use, seasonality, hydrological conditions, and the adsorption of sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and 17Journal of water and health · 2026Article
- Domestic Medical Waste Management: An Assessment of Knowledge and Disposal Practices in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Targeted LC-MS/MS method for quantifying respiratory pharmaceuticals in wastewater.Environmental science : water research & technology · 2026Article
- GLANCE-aided snapshotting for sustainable integration of synchronous spectrofluorimetry and micellar boosting for nanoscale assay of tolterodine binary mixtures in crucial matrices.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Biochar-based electrochemical sensors: a tailored approach to environmental monitoring.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2025Review
- Advanced oxidation process-mediated removal of pharmaceuticals from water: a review of recent advances.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2025Review
- Antibiotic Concentrations in Aquatic Environments of the African Continent: A Systematic Review and Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC) Assessment.Environmental health insights · 2025Review
- Occurrence of selected Covid-19 drugs in surface water resources: a review of their sources, pathways, receptors, fate, ecotoxicity, and possible interactions with heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2024Review
- Occurrence of Selected Pharmaceuticals in the East London Coastline Encompassing Major Rivers, Estuaries, and Seawater in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.ACS measurement science au · 2024Article
- Occurrence of Trace-Level Antibiotics in the Msunduzi River: An Investigation into South African Environmental Pollution.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Determination of the pharmaceuticals-nano/microplastics in aquatic systems by analytical and instrumental methods.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are emerging contaminants in the aquatic environments. Their presence poses toxicological effects in humans and animals even at trace concentrations. This study investigated the presence of antibiotics, anti-epilepsy and anti-inflammatory drugs in river water of selected rivers in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for screening of sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones antibiotics. The samples were collected in upper-stream, middle-stream and lower-stream regions of the rivers and effluent of selected wastewater treatment plants. Pre-concentration of the samples was conducted using lyophilisation and extraction was conducted using solid phase extraction (SPE) on Waters Oasis hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced cartridge. The percentage recovery after sample clean-up on SPE was 103% ± 6.9%. This was followed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The detected analytes were sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, clarithromycin and carbamazepine. Carbamazepine and erythromycin were detected in high concentrations ranging from 81.8 to 36,576.2 ng/L and 11.2 to 11,800 ng/L respectively, while clarithromycin and sulfamethoxazole were detected at moderate concentrations ranging from 4.8 to 3280.4 ng/L and 6.6 to 6968 ng/L, respectively. High concentrations of pharmaceuticals were detected on the lower-stream sites as compared to upper-stream sites.
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Registered trials
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