Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32517111›Full record

ArticleVaccines2020

ImmunizziAMO: A School-Based Field Trial to Teach New Generations the Importance of Vaccination through Games and to Fight Vaccine Hesitancy in Italy.

Giuseppe La Torre, Valeria D'Egidio, Cristina Sestili, Rosario Andrea Cocchiara, Sara Cianfanelli, Ornella Di Bella, Lorenza Lia, Barbara Dorelli, Vittoria Cammalleri, Insa Backhaus and 6 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06060379 (Giochiamo 626 - Gaming for Health and Safety in Workplaces), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06060379 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Giochiamo 626 - Gaming for Health and Safety in Workplaces

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversitas MercatorumRan2023 to 2024Enrolled60ConditionsHealth, Safety, WorkplaceArmsGiochiAMO a 626
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Giuseppe La TorreDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1233-2040
Valeria D'EgidioDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6968-3186
Cristina SestiliDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Rosario Andrea CocchiaraDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0787-2904
Sara CianfanelliDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Ornella Di BellaDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Lorenza LiaDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Barbara DorelliDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Vittoria CammalleriDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Insa BackhausDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Federica PaganoDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Chiara AnguissolaExplora il Museo dei Bambini di Roma, 00196 Rome, Italy.
Amelia VitielloComitato nazionale contro la meningite, 04100 Latina, Italy.
Rita CarsettiImmunological Diagnosis Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy.
Alice MannocciDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Giochiamo Collaborative GroupGiochiamo Collaborative Group, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Sapienza University of Rome · ITAlleanza Contro il Cancro · ITBambino Gesù Children's Hospital · ITExplora (Italy) · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVaccines simulate the first contact with infectious agents and evoke the immunological response without causing the disease and its complications. High rates of immunization among the population guarantee the interruption of the transmission chain of infectious diseases. Therefore, the population should be aware of the value of vaccination and motivated. In order to implement the spread of a correct culture about these issues, schools were recognized as a privileged operational setting. The aim of this project was to transmit knowledge and convey educational messages on the importance of vaccines, through the use of games, in elementary school children, their families and teachers. MATERIALS AND

methodsA field trial study was implemented between April and October 2019. Sample size calculations highlighted the need to recruit at least 136 students in the schools. The intervention involved 10 classes (five first grade and five s grade classes) and was structured in frontal teaching sessions and gaming sessions. Knowledge was assessed comparing the results of a questionnaire administered before and after the intervention. The questionnaires referred to the following items: dangerousness of bacteria and viruses; capability of defending from microorganisms; the role of antibodies; functioning of the vaccine in a child; type of disease for which a vaccine is efficacious; duration of a vaccine; mother- child transmission of antibodies; herd immunity.

results143 children participated in all the phases of the study. The comparison between the scores at the beginning and end of the intervention showed a significant increase in the knowledge about vaccines and immunity. The mean knowledge score arose from 3.52 (SD = 1.67) to 5.97 (SD = 1.81).

conclusionsThis study suggests that the use of games in an elementary school effectively increase the knowledge related to the important topic of vaccination starting at childhood.

Indexed as

field trialgameprimary preventionschoolvaccination

Identifiers

PMID32517111
PMCPMC7349980
OpenAlexW3033976437

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.