ArticleBiochemical and biophysical research communications2020
Altered COVID-19 receptor ACE2 expression in a higher risk group for cerebrovascular disease and ischemic stroke.
Article in Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Central nervous system manifestations in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Brain and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 in human brain and its association with Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hesitancy after stroke: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Observational
- SARS-CoV-2 spike ectodomain targets α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2023Article
- The effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on ischemic stroke and the possible underlying mechanisms.The International journal of neuroscience · 2023Article
- Effects of COVID-19 on Synaptic and Neuronal Degeneration.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Artificial Neural Network Modeling on PMInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 subunit protein-mediated increase of beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) impairs human brain vessel cells.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2022Article
- Long-Term Sequelae of COVID-19 in Experimental Mice.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Events Related to COVID-19 Coagulopathy and Hypoxemia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Stroke Recovery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Position Paper on Recommendations for Rehabilitation.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2022Article
- Review
- The Spectrum of Acute Cerebrovascular Disease in Patients with COVID-19.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Pathomechanisms and Treatment Implications for Stroke in COVID-19: A Review of the Literature.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- A review of ischemic stroke in COVID-19: currently known pathophysiological mechanisms.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Review
- Neurological update: COVID-19.Journal of neurology · 2021Review
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, coronavirus disease 2019, and abdominal aortic aneurysms.Journal of vascular surgery · 2021Review
- Mental Health Issues During and After COVID-19 Vaccine Era.Brain research bulletin · 2021Review
- Impact of COVID-19 infection on the cardiovascular system: An evidence-based analysis of risk factors and outcomes.Best practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a worldwide pandemic. It has a high transmission rate among humans, and is a threat to global public health. However, there are no effective prophylactics or therapeutics available. It is necessary to identify vulnerable and susceptible groups for adequate protection and care against this disease. Recent studies have reported that COVID-19 has angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a functional receptor, which may lead to the development of severe cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), including strokes, in patients with risk factors for CVD such as diabetes and smoking. Thus, the World Health Organization (WHO) advised caution against COVID-19 for smokers and patients with underlying clinical symptoms, including cardiovascular diseases. Here, we observed ACE2 expression in the brain of rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and evaluated the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and diabetes on ACE2 expression in vessels. We showed that the levels of ACE2 expression was increased in the cortex penumbra after ischemic injuries. CSE treatment significantly elevated ACE2 expression in human brain vessels. We found that ACE2 expression was upregulated in primary cultured human blood vessels with diabetes compared to healthy controls. This study demonstrates that ACE2 expression is increased in ischemic brains and vessels exposed to diabetes or smoking, makes them vulnerable to COVID-19 infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.