ArticleBMC veterinary research2020
Evaluation of a rapid immunochromatographic test kit to the gold standard fluorescent antibody test for diagnosis of rabies in animals in Bhutan.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- High sensitivity of the Bionote Anigen Rapid Rabies Antigen Test in detection of diverse rabies virus variants suggests utility for global rabies control.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Experiences of piloting integrated bite case management in Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria.Frontiers in tropical diseases · 2026Article
- LFD implementation uncovers hidden rabies burden: Pre- and post-implementation analysis and comparison with non-implementation sites in the Philippines.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- First detection of rabies virus in encephalitic goats (Capra hircus) from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo: a case study report.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Evaluating Rabies Test Accuracy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human and Canine Diagnostic Methods.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Combining genomics and epidemiology to investigate a zoonotic outbreak of rabies in Romblon Province, Philippines.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Geographic Distribution of Rabies Virus and Genomic Sequence Alignment of Wild and Vaccine Strains, Kenya.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Comparison of 4 laboratory tests for the detection of bovine rabies viral infection in Paraguay: fluorescent antibody test, rapid detection test, histologic lesions, and RT-PCR.Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2024Article
- Investigating the Impact That Diagnostic Screening with Lateral Flow Devices Had on the Rabies Surveillance Program in Zanzibar, Tanzania.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Recent updates on laboratory diagnosis of rabies.The Indian journal of medical research · 2024Review
- Evaluation of lateral flow devices for postmortem rabies diagnosis in animals in the Philippines: a multicenter study.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2023Article
- Comparative evaluation of some techniques used for the detection of rabies virus.Open veterinary journal · 2023Article
- From Field Tests to Molecular Tools-Evaluating Diagnostic Tests to Improve Rabies Surveillance in Namibia.Viruses · 2023Article
- United Against Rabies Forum: The first 2 years.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
- Lateral flow devices for samples collected by straw sampling method for postmortem canine rabies diagnosis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Ten Years of Lateral Flow Immunoassay Technique Applications: Trends, Challenges and Future Perspectives.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The potential of diagnostic point-of-care tests (POCTs) for infectious and zoonotic animal diseases in developing countries: Technical, regulatory and sociocultural considerations.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2021Review
- Rabies in Costa Rica - Next Steps Towards Controlling Bat-Borne Rabies After its Elimination in Dogs.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRabies kills approximately 59,000 people each year worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of rabies is important for instituting rapid containment measures and for advising the exposed people for postexposure treatment. The application of a rapid diagnostic tests in the field can greatly enhance disease surveillance and diagnostic activities, especially in resource poor settings. In this study, a total of 179 brain tissue samples collected from different rabies suspect animal species (113 dogs, 50 cattle, 10 cats, 3 goats, 2 horses, and 1 bear) were selected and tested using both rapid immunochromatographic kit and the reference standard fluorescent antibody test (FAT). We evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of a rapid antigen detection test kit produced by BioNote, Inc. (Hwaseong-si, Korea) relative to a FAT for its fit-for-purpose for confirmation of clinical cases of rabies for early response and enhancing rabies surveillance.
resultsAmong 179 samples examined in this study, there was a concordance in results by the rapid test and FAT in 115 positive samples and 54 negative samples. Test results were discordant in 10 samples which were positive by FAT, but negative (false negative) by rapid kit. The rapid test kit showed a sensitivity of 92% (95% CI: 85.9-95.6) and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 93.4-100) using FAT as the reference standard. The positive and negative predictive values were found to be 100% (95% CI:96.7-100) and 84.4% (95% CI: 73.6-91.3), respectively. Overall, there was 94.4% (95% CI: 90-96.9) test agreement between rapid test and FAT (Kappa value = 0.874) with a positive percent agreement and negative percent agreement of 92 and 100%, respectively.
conclusionsOur finding demonstrated that the rapid test kit (BioNote) can be used for rabies surveillance and confirming clinical case of rabies in animals for making rapid decisions particularly controlling rabies outbreaks in resource poor settings.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.