Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32510141›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2020

Folate Deficiency Inhibits Development of the Mammary Gland and its Associated Lymphatics in FVB Mice.

Susan G Miszewski, Josephine F Trott, Grace E Berryhill, Lyvin Tat, Ralph Green, Alexander D Borowsky, Joshua W Miller, Russell C Hovey

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Susan G MiszewskiDepartment of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Josephine F TrottDepartment of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Grace E BerryhillDepartment of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Lyvin TatDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Ralph GreenDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Alexander D BorowskyDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Joshua W MillerDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Russell C HoveyDepartment of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
University of California, Davis · USUniversity of California Davis Medical Center · USRutgers, The State University of New Jersey · US

Funding

Translational Research Support CoreP30ES005022 · NIEHS · UNIV OF MED/DENT NJ-R W JOHNSON MED SCH · PI ROBERT John LAUMBACH · 1988 to 2026
$47.4M
NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES005022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFolate is essential for DNA synthesis, DNA repair, cell proliferation, development, and morphogenesis. Folic acid (FA) is a nutritional supplement used to fortify human diets.

objectivesWe investigated the effects of dietary FA on early mammary gland (MG) development and hyperplasia.

methodsStudy 1: nulliparous female FVB wild-type (WT) mice were fed control (Con; 2 mg FA/kg), deficient (Def; 0 mg FA/kg), excess (Ex; 5 mg FA/kg), or super excess (S-Ex; 20 mg FA/kg) diets for 8 wk before mating to WT or heterozygous FVB/N-Tg[mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat (MMTV)-polyomavirus middle T antigen (PyVT)]634Mul/J (MMTV-PyMT+/-) transgenic males. Dams were fed these diets until they weaned WT or MMTV-PyMT+/- pups, which were fed the dam's diet from postnatal day (PND) 21 to 42. Tissues were collected from female progeny at PNDs 1, 21, and 42. Study 2: Con or Def diets were fed to WT intact females and males from PND 21 to 56, or to ovariectomized females from PND 21 to 77; tissues were collected at PND 56 or 77. Growth of all offspring, development of MGs, MG hyperplasia, supramammary lymph nodes, thymus and spleen, cell proliferation, and expression of MG growth factors were measured.

resultsStudy 1: Ex or S-Ex did not affect postnatal MG development or hyperplasia. The rate of isometric MG growth (PND 1-21) was reduced by 69% in Def female progeny (P < 0.0001). Similarly, hyperplastic growth in MGs of Def MMTV-PyMT+/- offspring was 18% of Con (P < 0.05). The Def diet reduced supramammary lymph node size by 20% (P < 0.0001) and increased MG insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA by 200% (P < 0.05) and protein by 130%-150% (P < 0.05). Study 2: the Def diet did not affect MG growth, but it did reduce supramammary lymph node size (P < 0.05), spleen weight (P < 0.001), and thymic medulla area (P < 0.05).

conclusionsIn utero and postnatal folate deficiency reduced the isometric development of the MGs and early MG hyperplasia. Postnatal folate deficiency reduced the development of lymphatic tissues.

Indexed as

Folic Acid DeficiencyAnimalsDietFemaleFolic AcidLymph NodesMaleMammary Glands, AnimalMiceOvariectomyFolic Acidfolic acidinsulin-like growth factor 2lymphaticsmammary glandpolyomavirus middle T antigen

Identifiers

PMID32510141
PMCPMC11913798
OpenAlexW3033561245

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.