ReviewExperimental and therapeutic medicine2020
Botulinum toxin in low urinary tract disorders - over 30 years of practice (Review).
Review in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intradermal Incobotulinum Toxin A for Postbreast Cancer Treatment Asymmetry: A Literature Review and Case Report.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Pooled it
- Association analysis of ADRB3:rs4994 with urodynamic outcome, six months after a single intra-detrusor injection of botulinum toxin, in women with overactive bladder.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Article
- Functional Polymorphism in theJournal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Foodborne botulism: A brief review of cases transmitted by cheese products (Review).Biomedical reports · 2022Review
- Overactive bladder: A review and update.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- A Systematic Review of Therapeutic Approaches Used in Experimental Models of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Impact of adipose tissue in chronic kidney disease development (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Review
- Impact of histological subtype on the response to chemoradiation in locally advanced cervical cancer and the possible role of surgery.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Tackling key immunological and immuno-dermatological pathways and their link to treatment options.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Botulinum toxin is a substance produced by Clostridium Botulinum and is responsible for human botulism. This substance is a poison, a neurotoxin, but used in limited quantities it can be a cure for some diseases. It is well connected to a large variety of medical applications. The mechanism of action relies on blocking the acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, which blocks the transmission of the nervous impulse with secondary flaccid paralysis. In urology, its role in idiopathic overactive bladder and neurogenic bladder is well known. We performed a thorough review using PubMed and other databases, revising the mechanisms of botulinum toxin action in urologic pathology, treatment procedures and other options. Botulinum toxin is a well-studied substance with a large number of applications in medicine. In urologic pathology, overactive bladder and neurogenic bladder are backed by robust studies that support the therapeutic role of this substance. The toxin has multiple effects, such as inhibition of the nerve growth factor, blocking the bladder sensory afferent pathway and apoptotic effect on the prostate tissue, by inhibiting the substance P, altering the nociceptive pathways. Interstitial cystitis and other rare pathologies show promising results, but further studies are needed. The role of botulinum toxin in benign prostatic hyperplasia is still not elucidated.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.