ArticleHeart & lung : the journal of critical care
The health outcomes of inflammation and obesity in patients with heart failure.
Article in Heart & lung : the journal of critical care. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Obesity accelerates cardiovascular ageing.European heart journal · 2025Review
- A Comprehensive Summary of the Current Understanding of the Relationship between Severe Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Inflammatory Status.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Sex Differences in the Association Between Inflammation and Event-Free Survival in Patients With Heart Failure.The Journal of cardiovascular nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, higher body mass index is related to longer event-free survival in patients with heart failure (HF). While previous research demonstrated that higher levels of inflammatory mediators were associated with shorter event-free survival, the effect of inflammation on the association between obesity and outcomes of HF have not been considered. HYPOTHESIS: Based on the obesity paradox, we hypothesized that patients with higher baseline body mass index (BMI) would experience better event-free survival than those with lower BMI regardless of inflammatory status.
methodA sample of 415 patients with HF (age 61 ± 11.5 years; 31% female) provided blood to measure soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor1 (sTNFR1), a biomarker of inflammation. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on BMI and a median split of sTNFR1 levels: (1) high BMI ≥ 30 and sTNFR1 > 1804 pg/ml, (2) high BMI ≥ 30 and low sTNFR1 ≤ 1804 pg/ml, and (3) low BMI < 30 and high sTNFR1 > 1804 pg/ml vs. (4) low BMI < 30 and sTNFR1 ≤ 1804 pg/ml. Patients were followed for an average of 365 days to determine the time to first event of either all-cause hospitalization or death.
resultsThere were 177 patients (43%) who experienced either an all-cause hospitalization or death. In a Cox regression, high BMI and high sTNFR1 category predicted time to event (hazard ratio = 1.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.01-2.9) with age, gender, race, left ventricular ejection fraction, New York Heart Association functional class (I/II versus III/IV), log-transformed N-terminal Pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels, prescribed statin (yes/no), and comorbidity as covariates.
conclusionBeing in a higher inflammation group was associated with shorter event-free survival regardless of BMI. This study provides evidence that inflammation is an important consideration in the association between obesity and better outcomes in patients with HF.
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Registered trials
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