ReviewThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2020
Cutaneous barrier dysfunction in allergic diseases.
Review in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 80 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation betweenFrontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- High-salt microenvironment worsens the progression of atopic dermatitis via activating the SGK-1-mTOR pathway in keratinocytes.Genes & diseases · 2026Article
- The Mast Cell-Substance P Neuroimmune Axis in Allergic Contact Dermatitis and Atopic Dermatitis: Molecular Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Perspectives.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Individualized Nutritional and Microbiome-Oriented Management of Food Allergy-Associated Atopic Dermatitis in Children: A Prospective Real-World Observational Cohort Study.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Immunochemical Markers and Quality of Life in Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Real-World Analysis.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
- Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Food Allergy in Children Aged <2 Years with Atopic Dermatitis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Association of Skin Dryness and Disease-related Parameters with Mechanical Alloknesis in Atopic Dermatitis: A Crosssectional and Prospective Cohort Study.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- The Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols in Modulating Barrier Lipids, Microbiome Interactions, and Inflammatory Pathways in Atopic Dermatitis.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Stratum Corneum Ceramide Abnormalities in Atopic Dermatitis: Pathophysiology and Implications for Disease Management.The Journal of dermatology · 2026Review
- Special Issue: "Advanced Research of Skin Inflammation and Related Diseases".International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- A systemic epithelial-immune-neural framework for pediatric atopic dermatitis-allergic rhinitis comorbidity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Where eye meets body part 2: uniting allergy pathways in ocular and atopic disease - T cells take the lead.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Detection of Anaphylaxis Through the Cutaneous Barrier.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2025Review
- The alleviating effect of Bai-Ju essence on atopic dermatitis through anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair mechanisms.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Article
- Inflammation biomarkers mediate causal inference of the effect of skin microbiota on the risk of allergic diseases.AMB Express · 2025Article
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance-Induced Skin Barrier Disruption and the Potential Role of Calcitriol in Atopic Dermatitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Atopic Dermatitis: The Relationship Between Immune Mediators and Skin Lipid Barrier.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- A pharmaco-metabolomics study of Glycyrrhiza glabra, Boswellia sarca, and Acacia nilotica in acute allergic dermatitis.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Article
- Allergenicity of Alternative Proteins: Reduction Mechanisms and Processing Strategies.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2025Review
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrigenda.2021
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The fundamental defect(s) that drives atopic dermatitis (AD) remains controversial. "Outside in" proponents point to the important association of filaggrin gene mutations and other skin barrier defects with AD. The "inside out" proponents derive support from evidence that AD occurs in genetic animal models with overexpression of type 2 immune pathways in their skin, and humans with gain-of-function mutations in their type 2 response develop severe AD. The observation that therapeutic biologics, targeting type 2 immune responses, can reverse AD provides compelling support for the importance of "inside out" mechanisms of AD. In this review, we propose a central role for epithelial cell dysfunction that accounts for the dual role of skin barrier defects and immune pathway activation in AD. The complexity of AD has its roots in the dysfunction of the epithelial barrier that allows the penetration of allergens, irritants, and microbes into a cutaneous milieu that facilitates the induction of type 2 immune responses. The AD phenotypes and endotypes that result in chronic skin inflammation and barrier dysfunction are modified by genes, innate/adaptive immune responses, and different environmental factors that cause skin barrier dysfunction. There is also compelling evidence that skin barrier dysfunction can alter the course of childhood asthma, food allergy, and allergic rhinosinusitis. Effective management of AD requires a multipronged approach, not only restoring cutaneous barrier function, microbial flora, and immune homeostasis but also enhancing skin epithelial differentiation.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.