ArticleThe Korean journal of internal medicine2021
Association of serum free thyroxine and glucose homeostasis: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Article in The Korean journal of internal medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low FT4 levels in early pregnancy are associated with higher insulin therapy need in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.European thyroid journal · 2026Article
- Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity as a Possible Determinant of Metabolic Phenotypes in Young Adults, Not in Older Individuals.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- A Retrospective Analysis of the Changes in Prediabetes-Associated Markers of Thyroid Function in Patients from Durban, South Africa.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Exploring the diagnostic performance of machine learning in prediction of metabolic phenotypes focusing on thyroid function.PloS one · 2024Article
- Links between Thyroid Disorders and Glucose Homeostasis.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2022Review
- Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Metabolic Parameters in Healthy Korean Adults: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI.International journal of general medicine · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsThyroid hormones are involved in wide range of glucose metabolism functions. Overt thyroid dysfunctions are related to altered glucose homeostasis. However, it is not conclusive as to whether subtle changes in thyroid hormones within normal ranges can induce alterations in glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between thyroid hormone and glucose homeostasis parameters in subjects without overt thyroid dysfunction based on nationwide population data.
methodsIn the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015 (n = 7,380), data were collected from subjects with insulin and thyroid function measurements who were older than 19-years-old. After the exclusion of 5,837 subjects, a total of 1,543 patients were included in the analysis. Subjects were categorized into the quartiles of the free thyroxine (FT4). Fasting glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were considered to be glucose homeostasis parameters.
resultsSubjects with the highest FT4 quartile showed significantly lower fasting insulin and HbA1c levels. A significant inverse correlation FT4 and HbA1c levels was observed (β = -0.261, p = 0.025). In the logistic regression analysis, the highest quartile of FT4 was demonstrated to lower the risk of HbA1c to a greater degree than the median by approximately 40%, after adjusting for confounders, compared to the lowest quartile (p = 0.028).
conclusionWe demonstrated subjects with a lower FT4 quartile exhibited high risk of HbA1c levels above the median value in a representative Korean population. Subjects with the lowest FT4 quartile should be cautiously managed in terms of altered glucose homeostasis.
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