ArticleClinical rheumatology2021
Clinical and serological characteristics of seronegative primary Sjögren's syndrome: a comparative study.
Article in Clinical rheumatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular classification of primary Sjögren's syndrome based on salivary gland omics.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Mediterranean diet and symptom severity in Sjogren's syndrome.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Minor salivary gland biopsy in clinically suspected Sjögren's disease: still indispensable for seronegative cases?Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2025Article
- Real-World Assessment of Systemic Disease Activity in Seropositive and Seronegative Patients with Sjögren's Disease and Association with Patient-Reported Outcomes.Rheumatology and therapy · 2025Article
- Machine learning differentiation of rheumatoid arthritis-Sjögren's syndrome overlap from Sjögren's syndrome with polyarthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Role of chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCR3 in the serum and minor salivary gland tissues of patients with Sjögren's syndrome.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Seronegative primary Sjögren's syndrome, a distinct subtype of primary Sjögren's syndrome in Chinese patients.BMC rheumatology · 2024Article
- Are there differences in the clinical and laboratory features of patients with seronegative primary Sjögren's syndrome?Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Phases and Natural History of Sjögren's Disease: A New Model for an Old Disease?Arthritis care & research · 2023Review
- Anti-SSA/SSB-negative primary Sjögren's syndrome showing different clinical phenotypes: a retrospective study of 934 cases.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2023Article
- Serological intermolecular epitope spreading in a patient with primary Sjögren's syndrome.BMJ case reports · 2023Article
- Neurologic involvement in seronegative primary Sjögren's syndrome with positive minor salivary gland biopsy: a single-center experience.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Longitudinal analysis of symptom-based clustering in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome: a prospective cohort study with a 5-year follow-up period.Journal of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Autoantibody Discovery, Assay Development and Adoption: Death Valley, the Sea of Survival and Beyond.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- An unusual presentation of seronegative Sjögren's syndrome.Journal of postgraduate medicineArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study compared the clinical and serological characteristics of seronegative and seropositive primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) and examined whether current classification criteria for pSS cover seronegative pSS.
methodsThe study group comprised 375 patients (341 women and 34 men) diagnosed with pSS. A clinical diagnosis by an expert rheumatologist was considered the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of pSS. The clinical and serological characteristics of the patients were retrospectively collected from hospital medical files.
resultsFifty-eight of the 375 pSS patients (15.5%) were seronegative for ANA, RF, anti-Ro, and anti-La autoantibodies. Seronegative pSS was diagnosed based on lymphocytic infiltrations in lip biopsy samples. There were no statistically significant differences in terms of patient age, age at diagnosis, sex distribution, clinical features, and laboratory findings between seronegative and seropositive pSS. The frequency of hypergammaglobulinemia was higher in seropositive pSS. The 2016 ACR/ULAR criteria best covered most seronegative pSS cases (84.5%). For seronegative pSS, the agreement between the 2002 AECG, 2012 ACR, and 2016 ACR/EULAR criteria was relatively low.
conclusionsThe clinical features of seronegative pSS (i.e., a lack of four autoantibodies in serum) were similar to those of seropositive pSS. The current classification criteria for pSS should not be used in the diagnosis of seronegative pSS, as the agreement between the different sets of criteria was low, and some patients fell outside the classification. Further clinical and laboratory studies are needed to identify the features that distinguish seronegative pSS. Key Points • Approximately 15% of the pSS patients were seronegative for ANA, RF, anti-Ro, and anti-La autoantibodies. • Seronegative pSS was diagnosed based on lymphocytic infiltrations in lip biopsy samples. • The clinical features of seronegative pSS were similar to those of seropositive pSS. • The current classification criteria for pSS should not be used in the diagnosis of seronegative patients, as the agreement between the different sets of criteria was low, and some patients fell outside the classification.
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