ArticleBMJ open2020
Cholesterol and triglyceride levels in midlife and risk of heart failure in women, a longitudinal study: the prospective population study of women in Gothenburg.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influences of Ketogenic Diet on Body Fat Percentage, Respiratory Exchange Rate, and Total Cholesterol in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Heart failure etiology and lipoprotein subfractions: Insight from the SMARTEX-HF study.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2026Article
- Association of outcome with non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in hospitalized patients with congestive heart failure: a retrospective analysis.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2025Article
- Association Between Triglyceride/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio and Incidence Risk of Heart Failure: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Different Associations between Lipid Levels and Risk for Heart Failure according to Diabetes Progression.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Article
- Causal relationship between nutritional assessment phenotypes and heart failure: A Mendelian randomization study.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Normal triglyceride concentration and the risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 in the general population of China.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- High-Density Lipoprotein and Heart Failure.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Uncovering the Lipid Web: Discovering the Multifaceted Roles of Lipids in Human Diseases and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Development and comparison of machine learning-based models for predicting heart failure after acute myocardial infarction.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2023Article
- Serum lipidomics reveals phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine disorders in patients with myocardial infarction and post-myocardial infarction-heart failure.Lipids in health and disease · 2023Article
- Risk factors for pre-heart failure or symptomatic heart failure based on NT-proBNP.ESC heart failure · 2023Article
- The Prevalence and Characteristics of Mitral Regurgitation in Heart Failure: A Chart Review Study.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance in Young Adulthood and Risk of Incident Congestive Heart Failure in Midlife: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Hepatic-Metabolite-Based Intermittent Fasting Enables a Sustained Reduction in Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome.Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the association between triglycerides and cholesterol serum values and risk of developing heart failure in women.
designLongitudinal observational study of four cohorts 50-year-old women examined in 1968-1969, 1980-1981, 1992-1993 and 2004-2005, and followed until 2012. S-triglycerides and s-cholesterol were measured at baseline and heart failure morbidity and mortality data collected from 1980 to 2012.
settingProspective population study Gothenburg, Sweden. Primary care.
participants1143 women 50 year old without history of heart failure or myocardial infarction.
main outcome measureAssociation among s-triglycerides, s-cholesterol and heart failure expressed as HR for heart failure, adjusted for smoking, body mass index (BMI), physical activity and age.
resultsFor 50-year-old women examined in 1968-1969, there was an independent association between level of s-triglycerides and heart failure and a significantly higher risk of developing heart failure (HR 1.8; CI 1.16 to 2.80, for each increment of 1.0 mmol/L in s-triglycerides), adjusted for smoking, BMI, physical activity and age. There was no significant association between s-cholesterol and risk of heart failure (HR 0.9; CI 0.77 to 1.15). In the cohorts of 50-year-old women examined in 1980 and 1992, there were no significant associations between neither s-triglycerides or s-cholesterol and the risk of heart failure. In the pooled analyses of the cohorts examined in 1968, 1980 and 1992, a significantly increased risk of heart failure was found (HR 1.49; CI 1.10 to 2.03) for s-triglycerides independently, but not for s-cholesterol. None of the 50-year-old women examined in 2004-2005 developed heart failure by 2012 and were excluded from further analyses.
conclusionsHigh levels of s-triglycerides but not s-cholesterol may be a risk marker for later development of heart failure in 50-year-old women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.