ArticleIn vivo (Athens, Greece)2020
A New Method for Testing Filtration Efficiency of Mask Materials Under Sneeze-like Pressure.
Article in In vivo (Athens, Greece), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in electrospun nanofiber-based personal protective equipment for active filtration.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Hydrogen Gas Mitigates Acute Hypoxia-Induced Oxidative and Inflammatory Brain Injuries in Medaka (Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Davidson and Glyoxal Fixatives on Autofluorescence and Immunolabeling in Medaka (Biomedicines · 2025Article
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- Measuring the effects of respiratory protective equipment and other protectors in preventing the scattering of vocalization droplets.Industrial health · 2023Article
- Enzyme-Digested Edible Bird's Nest (EBND) Prevents UV and Arid Environment-Induced Cellular Oxidative Stress, Cell Death and DNA Damage in Human Skin Keratinocytes and Three-Dimensional Epithelium Equivalents.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Enzyme-digested Colla Corii Asini (E'jiao) suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory changes in THP-1 macrophages and OP9 adipocytes.Human cell · 2022Article
- How long and effective does a mask protect you from an infected person who emits virus-laden particles: By implementing one-dimensional physics-based modeling.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- A study on usability and design parameters in face mask: Concept design of UVW face mask for COVID-19 protection.Human factors and ergonomics in manufacturing · 2021Article
- Review
- Article
- Hydrogen-Generating Silica Material Prevents UVA-ray-Induced Cellular Oxidative Stress, Cell Death, Collagen Loss and Melanogenesis in Human Cells and 3D Skin Equivalents.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Literature review to integrate information to assist workers to select masks even at workplaces without occupational health personnel.Journal of occupational health · 2021Review
- Article
- Hydrogen-rich bath with nano-sized bubbles improves antioxidant capacity based on oxygen radical absorbing and inflammation levels in human serum.Medical gas researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSneezes produce many pathogen-containing micro-droplets with high velocities of 4.5-50.0 m/s. Face masks are believed to protect people from infection by blocking those droplets. However, current filtration efficiency tests can't evaluate masks under sneeze-like pressure. The goal of this study was to establish a method to evaluate the filtration efficiency of mask materials under extreme conditions. MATERIALS AND
methodsEfficiency of surgical masks, gauze masks, gauze, cotton, silk, linen and tissue paper on blocking micro-droplet sized starch particles (average 8.2 μm) and latex microspheres (0.75 μm) with a velocity of 44.4 m/s created by centrifugation was qualitatively analyzed by using imaging-based analysis.
resultsThe 4 layers of silk could block 93.8% of microspheres and 88.9% of starch particles, followed by the gauze mask (78.5% of microspheres and 90.4% of starch particles) and the 2 layers of cotton (74.6% of microspheres and 87.5-89.0% of particles). Other materials also blocked 53.2-66.5% of microspheres and 76.4%-87.9% of particles except the 8 layers of gauze which only blocked 36.7% of particles. The filtration efficiency was improved by the increased layers of materials.
conclusionCentrifugation-based filtration efficiency test not only compensates shortcomings of current tests for masks, but also offers a simple way to explore new mask materials during pandemics. Common mask materials can potentially provide protection against respiratory droplet transmission.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.