ArticlePloS one2020
The incidence of HIV and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Kabarole District, Uganda.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Compliance with maternal HIV retesting for pregnant women attending care in selected health facilities in Namutumba district, Uganda.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Substance and alcohol use in pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of a multi-component facility-based intervention on HIV-related infant and maternal outcomes: results from the IMPROVE clustered randomized study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- HIV incidence among non-migrating persons following a household migration event in Uganda.International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Preventing HIV Infection in Pregnant Women in Western Uganda Through a Comprehensive Antenatal Care-Based Intervention: An Implementation Study.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- The feasibility and impact of deploying a four-tests panel at antenatal care in primary health care facilities of a developing country, Kenya.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- High incidence of asymptomatic genital tract infections in pregnancy in adolescent girls and young women: need for repeat aetiological screening.Sexually transmitted infections · 2023Article
- HIV is still a major public health problem among pregnant women attending ANC in Referral Hospitals of the Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia: a cross sectional study.BMC women's health · 2022Article
- Considerations for the Use of Long-Acting and Extended-Release Agents During Pregnancy and Lactation.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Article
- Magnitudes and Correlates of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Syphilis among Pregnant Mothers Attending Antenatal Care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Article
- Sexual Risk Behavior in HIV-Uninfected Pregnant Women in Western Uganda.Archives of sexual behavior · 2021Article
- Repercussions of the COVID-19 Response in Pregnant Women in Western Uganda: Knowledge, Behavior, and Emotional State after the First Lockdown in 2020.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe study attempted to determine the incidence of HIV among pregnant women in Kabarole District, Uganda, and to identify socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors for seroconversion during pregnancy.
methodsWe carried out a retrospective cohort study among women for whom a documented HIV-negative test result from the first pregnancy trimester could be confirmed using available records, and who were HIV-retested in the third trimester or during delivery. In total, 1610 pregnant women from three different healthcare settings took part in the study. We captured the results of repeated HIV tests and conducted semi-structured interviews to explore participants' socio-demographic characteristics and sexual risk behavior. For HIV incidence rates, we calculated the number of seroconversions per 100 person-years. We used Fisher's exact test to test for potential associations. Penalized maximum likelihood logistic regression and Poisson regression were applied to adjust for potential confounders.
resultsThe overall HIV incidence rate among participants was 2.9/100 women-years. Among socio-demographic characteristics, the multivariable analysis showed a significant association of marital status with HIV incidence in pregnancy (IRR 8.78, 95%CI [1.13-68.33]). Risky sexual behaviors including higher number of sexual partners in pregnancy (IRR 2.78 [1.30-5.94]), unprotected sex with unknown persons (IRR 14.25 [4.52-44.93]), alcohol abuse (IRR 12.08 [4.18-34.90]) and sex under the influence of drugs or alcohol (IRR 6.33 [1.36-29.49]) were significantly associated with seroconversion in pregnancy (similar results in logistic regression).
conclusionsHIV incidence was three times higher among our pregnant study population compared to the general female population in Uganda. This underlines the importance of HIV prevention and repeat testing during pregnancy. Identified risk groups should be considered for pre-exposure prophylaxis.
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