ArticleCells2020
BMP-2 Variants in Breast Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Microcalcifications Origin.
Article in Cells, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Ultrastructural studies distinguish skin diversities among Galápagos iguanas.Biology direct · 2025Article
- Implications of Mineralization Biomarkers in Breast Cancer Outcomes Beyond Calcifications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- A comprehensive molecular characterization of a claudin-low luminal B breast tumor.Biology direct · 2024Article
- Molecular profiling of a bladder cancer with very high tumour mutational burden.Cell death discovery · 2024Article
- Genetically driven predisposition leads to an unusually genomic unstable renal cell carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma reveals a rare molecular subtype.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- New insights into the role of cellular senescence and chronic wounds.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Macrophage polarization and metabolism in atherosclerosis.Cell death & disease · 2023Review
- A BRCA2 germline mutation and high expression of immune checkpoints in a TNBC patient.Cell death discovery · 2023Article
- Programmed Cell Death Pathways in Cholangiocarcinoma: Opportunities for Targeted Therapy.Cancers · 2023Review
- ZNF750: A Novel Prognostic Biomarker in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Biomaterial-assisted tumor therapy: A brief review of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and its composites used in bone tumors therapy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- CD105 expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts: a biomarker for bone metastasis in early invasive ductal breast cancer patients.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Antigenicity Preservation Is Related to Tissue Characteristics and the Post-Mortem Interval: Immunohistochemical Study and Literature Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- RNA sequence analysis identified bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) as a biomarker underlying form deprivation myopia.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2022Article
- Secretion of BMP-2 by tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) promotes microcalcifications in breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- Molecular Aspects and Prognostic Significance of Microcalcifications in Human Pathology: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the possible different roles of the BMP-2 variants, cytoplasmic and nuclear variant, in both epithelial to mesenchymal transition and in microcalcifications origin in human breast cancers. To this end, the in situ expression of cytoplasmic and nuclear BMP-2 was associated with the expression of the main epithelial to mesenchymal transition biomarkers (e-cadherin and vimentin) and molecules involved in bone metabolisms (RUNX2, RANKL, SDF-1) by immunohistochemistry. In addition, the expression of cytoplasmic and nuclear BMP-2 was associated with the presence of microcalcifications. Our data showed a significant association among the number of cytoplasmic BMP-2-positive cells and the number of both vimentin (positive association) and e-cadherin (negative association) positive breast cells. Conversely, no associations were found concerning the nuclear BMP-2-positive breast cells. Surprisingly, the opposite result was obtained by analyzing the variants of BMP-2 and both the expression of RANKL and SDF-1 and the presence of microcalcifications. Specifically, the presence of microcalcifications was related to the expression of nuclear BMP-2 variant rather than the cytoplasmic one, as well as a strong association between the number of nuclear BMP-2 and the expression of the main breast osteoblast-like cells (BOLCs) biomarkers. To further corroborate these data, an in vitro experiment for demonstrating the co-expression of nBMP-2 and RANKL or vimentin or SDF-1 in breast cancer cells that acquire the capability to produce microcalcifications was developed. These investigations confirmed the association between the nBMP-2 expression and both RANKL and SDF-1. The data supports the idea that whilst cytoplasmic BMP-2 can be involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition phenomenon, the nuclear variant is related to the essential mechanisms for the formation of breast microcalcifications. In conclusion, from these experimental and translational perspectives, the complexity of BMP-2 signaling will require a detailed understanding of the involvement of specific BMP-2 variants in breast cancers.
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