Observational studyNutrients2020
Energy Balance of Canadian Armed Forces Personnel during an Arctic-Like Field Training Exercise.
Observational study in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mapping smart technologies and nutritional strategies for monitoring cognitive resilience in military personnel under extreme operational conditions: a scoping review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Cold operational readiness in the military: from science to practice.BMJ military health · 2025Review
- Review
- Energy balance in women during polar trekking-The POWER study.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Sex-specific energy expenditure during the Alaska mountain wilderness ski classic; insights from an Arctic winter expedition.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Energy expenditure during physical work in cold environments: physiology and performance considerations for military service members.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2024Review
- Performance nutrition for cold-weather military operations.International journal of circumpolar health · 2023Article
- Effects of 36-hour recovery on marksmanship and hormone concentrations during strenuous winter military survival training.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Comparison of Energy and Nutrient Intake vs. Estimated Needs in Warfighters: an Update.Current nutrition reports · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Operating in temperature extremes frequently leads to a discrepancy in energy balance. Investigating the effects of operating in extreme cold temperatures on metabolic requirements has not been well described in Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel. The objective was to accurately assess energy deficits using the "gold standard" methodology for measuring energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE). Nutritional intake of a convenience sample of 10 CAF Class A Reservists, completing a basic military qualification (land) course under winter weather conditions, was assessed using the daily measured food intake/food waste collections. EE was measured by the doubly-labelled water method. Average EI was 2377 ± 1144 kcal/day, which was below the EE (4917 ± 693 kcal/day), despite having ~5685 kcal available in the field rations. A significant body weight loss of 2.7% was associated with the average daily energy deficit of 2539 ± 1396 kcal. As a result, participants demonstrated voluntary anorexia. Such results may have important implications for the impairment of performance and health under longer duration operations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.