Observational studyEuropean heart journal2020
Association of hypertension and antihypertensive treatment with COVID-19 mortality: a retrospective observational study.
Observational study in European heart journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 224 papers, 31 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
224 citing papers in PubMed, 31 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 418 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association of Hypertension with Increased Mortality Rate During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Update with Meta-analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2023Pooled it
- Hypertension and mortality in SARS-COV-2 infection: A meta-analysis of observational studies after 2 years of pandemic.European journal of internal medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical outcomes of ACEI/ARB in East-Asian patients with COVID-19.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- The effects of hypertension on the prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis on the interactions with age and antihypertensive treatment.Journal of hypertension · 2022Pooled it
- Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System Inhibitors and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Revealing Critical Bias Across a Body of Observational Research.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Pooled it
- Chronic use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors in hypertensive COVID-19 patients: Results from a Spanish registry and meta-analysis.Medicina clinica · 2022Pooled it
- Comorbidities, Associated Diseases, and Risk Assessment in COVID-19-A Systematic Review.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Pooled it
- Association of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer concentration on the severity of COVID-19 cases with or without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Expert review of endocrinology & metabolism · 2022Pooled it
- Echocardiographic assessment of the right ventricle in COVID-19: a systematic review.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of the association between angiotensin pathway inhibitors and COVID-19 severity and mortality.Systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Influence of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers on the risk of all-cause mortality and other clinical outcomes in patients with confirmed COVID-19: A systemic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2021Pooled it
- Pre-existing health conditions and severe COVID-19 outcomes: an umbrella review approach and meta-analysis of global evidence.BMC medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Safety and Efficacy of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors in COVID-19 Population.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2021Pooled it
- Comparison of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors with other antihypertensives in association with coronavirus disease-19 clinical outcomes.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Comparison of infection risks and clinical outcomes in patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 lung infection under renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade: Systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Lack of association of antihypertensive drugs with the risk and severity of COVID-19: A meta-analysis.Journal of cardiology · 2021Pooled it
- Asthma in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2021Pooled it
- The therapeutic effect and safety of the drugs for COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2021Pooled it
- ACC Health Policy Statement on Cardiovascular Disease Considerations for COVID-19 Vaccine Prioritization: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2021Guideline
164 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsIt remains unknown whether the treatment of hypertension influences the mortality of patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS AND
resultsThis is a retrospective observational study of all patients admitted with COVID-19 to Huo Shen Shan Hospital. The hospital was dedicated solely to the treatment of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Hypertension and the treatments were stratified according to the medical history or medications administrated prior to the infection. Among 2877 hospitalized patients, 29.5% (850/2877) had a history of hypertension. After adjustment for confounders, patients with hypertension had a two-fold increase in the relative risk of mortality as compared with patients without hypertension [4.0% vs. 1.1%, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-3.82, P = 0.013]. Patients with a history of hypertension but without antihypertensive treatment (n = 140) were associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality compared with those with antihypertensive treatments (n = 730) (7.9% vs. 3.2%, adjusted HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.03-4.57, P = 0.041). The mortality rates were similar between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitor (4/183) and non-RAAS inhibitor (19/527) cohorts (2.2% vs. 3.6%, adjusted HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.28-2.58, P = 0.774). However, in a study-level meta-analysis of four studies, the result showed that patients with RAAS inhibitor use tend to have a lower risk of mortality (relative risk 0.65, 95% CI 0.45-0.94, P = 0.20).
conclusionWhile hypertension and the discontinuation of antihypertensive treatment are suspected to be related to increased risk of mortality, in this retrospective observational analysis, we did not detect any harm of RAAS inhibitors in patients infected with COVID-19. However, the results should be considered as exploratory and interpreted cautiously.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.