ArticleThe Prostate2020
Urethral luminal epithelia are castration-insensitive cells of the proximal prostate.
Article in The Prostate, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analyses of mouse and human prostate single-cell transcriptomes reveal widespread epithelial plasticity in tissue regression, regeneration, and cancer.Genome medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Macrophage pyroptosis drives luminal senescence and club-cell reprogramming in 5α-reductase inhibitor-treated prostatic hyperplasia.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Single-cell and spatial RNA sequencing in prostate cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Immune dysregulation in the prostates of C57BL/6The Journal of pathology · 2026Article
- A xeno-free human iPSC-derived prostate organoid platform for multilineage differentiation and genetic manipulation.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- Club (Clara) cells in human prostate: A survival guide for conventional histologists/histopathologists.Histology and histopathology · 2026Review
- Interpretable deep generative ensemble learning for single-cell omics with Hydra.Molecular systems biology · 2026Article
- Prostate Club-like Cells Reveal Context-Dependent Epithelial States in Homeostasis Remodeling and Cancer.Cells · 2026Review
- A single cell transcriptional profile of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Targeting pre-existing club-like cells in prostate cancer potentiates androgen deprivation therapy.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- SLC25A37 as a novel therapeutic target for benign prostatic hyperplasia: integrative analyses of single-cell RNA sequencing and genome-wide association studies.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- Stromal Steroid 5 Alpha-Reductase 2 Promotes Prostate Growth through WNT5A-Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1-Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Signaling in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.The American journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Spatial multi-omics identifies aggressive prostate cancer signatures highlighting pro-inflammatory chemokine activity in the tumor microenvironment.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Improving Patient Selection for BPH Medical and Surgical Therapy Through a Deeper Understanding of Prostate Cellular and Molecular Biology.The Urologic clinics of North America · 2025Review
- ZC3H4, a novel regulator of mitochondrial complex I, impacts prostate stromal cell senescence, attachment, adhesion and anoikis resistance.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Cellular cartography reveals mouse prostate organization and determinants of castration resistance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Innate immunity and the NF-κB pathway control prostate stem cell plasticity, reprogramming and tumor initiation.Nature cancer · 2025Article
- Gland- and cell-level heterogeneity in the prostate: A narrative review of related diseases.Current urology · 2025Article
- Unveiling the role of TCF19 in intervertebral disc degeneration with single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Tracing the Evolution of Sex Hormones and Receptor-Mediated Immune Microenvironmental Differences in Prostate and Bladder Cancers: From Embryonic Development to Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCastration-insensitive epithelial progenitors capable of regenerating the prostate have been proposed to be concentrated in the proximal region based on facultative assays. Functional characterization of prostate epithelial populations isolated with individual cell surface markers has failed to provide a consensus on the anatomical and transcriptional identity of proximal prostate progenitors.
methodsHere, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to obtain a complete transcriptomic profile of all epithelial cells in the mouse prostate and urethra to objectively identify cellular subtypes. Pan-transcriptomic comparison to human prostate cell types identified a mouse equivalent of human urethral luminal cells, which highly expressed putative prostate progenitor markers. Validation of the urethral luminal cell cluster was performed using immunostaining and flow cytometry.
resultsOur data reveal that previously identified facultative progenitors marked by Trop2, Sca-1, KRT4, and PSCA are actually luminal epithelial cells of the urethra that extend into the proximal region of the prostate, and are resistant to castration-induced androgen deprivation. Mouse urethral luminal cells were identified to be the equivalent of previously identified human club and hillock cells that similarly extend into proximal prostate ducts. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has long been considered an "embryonic reawakening," but the cellular origin of the hyperplastic growth concentrated in the periurethral region is unclear. We demonstrate an increase in urethral luminal cells within glandular nodules from BPH patients. Urethral luminal cells are further increased in patients treated with a 5-α reductase inhibitor.
conclusionsOur data demonstrate that cells of the proximal prostate that express putative progenitor markers, and are enriched by castration in the proximal prostate, are urethral luminal cells and that these cells may play an important role in the etiology of human BPH.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.