Upregulation of annexin A1 protein expression in the intratumoral vasculature of human non-small-cell lung carcinoma and rodent tumor models.

Annexin A1 (anxA1) is an immunomodulatory protein that has been proposed as a tumor vascular target for antitumor biologic agents, yet to date the vascular expression of anxA1 in specific tumor indications has not been systematically assessed. Attempts to evaluate vascular anxA1 expression by immunohistochemistry are complicated by a lack of available antibodies that are both specific for anxA1 and bind the N-terminal-truncated form of anxA1 that has previously been identified in tumor vasculature. To study the vascular expression pattern of anxA1 in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), we isolated an antibody capable of binding N-terminal-truncated anxA127-346 and employed it in immunohistochemical studies of human lung specimens. Lung tumor specimens evaluated with this antibody revealed vascular (endothelial) anxA1 expression in five of eight tumor samples studied, but no vascular anxA1 expression was observed in normal lung tissue. Tumor microarray analysis further demonstrated positive vascular staining for anxA1 in 30 of 80 NSCLC samples, and positive staining of neoplastic cells was observed in 54 of 80 samples. No correlation was observed between vascular and parenchymal anxA1 expression. Two rodent tumor models, B16-F10 and Py230, were determined to have upregulated anxA1 expression in the intratumoral vasculature. These data validate anxA1 as a potential vascular anti-tumor target in a subset of human lung tumors and identify rodent models which demonstrate anxA1 expression in tumor vasculature.