ArticleStem cells translational medicine2020
Intranasal delivery of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles exerts immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects in a 3xTg model of Alzheimer's disease.
Article in Stem cells translational medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 168 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
168 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 245 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intranasal administration of stem cell derivatives for the treatment of AD animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Extracellular vesicles as bioactive nanotherapeutics: An emerging paradigm for regenerative medicine.Theranostics · 2022Pooled it
- Intracerebroventricular human mesenchymal stem cells induce MMP9-driven transient inflammation in Alzheimer's disease.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Trial
- Additive Enhancement of Neurovascular Regeneration and Functional Recovery by Combined MSC-Exosomes and Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound in Ischemic Stroke Rats.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Article
- Treatment of animal models of Alzheimer's disease with extracellular vesicles or exosomes and involvement of microRNAs.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Exosomes in Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathological Mechanisms to Biomarker Potential and Therapeutic Applications.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms, Preclinical Evidence, and Translational Challenges.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles reprogram microglia and prevent neurodegeneration in experimental models of Alzheimer's disease.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Article
- hUC-MSCs via β-NGF Alleviate Cognitive Impairment After Tibial Fracture Surgery by Regulating the STMN2/NMNAT2-SARM1-NF-κB Signaling Pathway.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Exosome-Mediated Delivery of PROTACs for Targeted Protein Degradation in Cancer, Neurodegenerative, Infectious, and Inflammatory Diseases.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Autonomous intranasal delivery systems for central nervous system therapeutics.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Reshaping the immune landscape: next-generation microglia-targeted therapies for Alzheimer's disease.Biological research · 2026Review
- Colostrum Extracellular Vesicle Isolation, Characterization, and Function.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Advancing MSC-EV Therapies: Harnessing Preconditioning and Mito-EVs to Tackle Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Free Therapies: Challenges and Opportunities.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Review
- Microbiota, systemic immunity, and extracellular vesicles in stroke: peripheral nodes as therapeutic leverage points.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Engineering.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Exosomes in Alzheimer's disease: neuroinflammation mitigation via immune modulation and inflammatory pathway targeting.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Intranasal CM-hMSCs modulate brain gene expression linked to glucose metabolism and inflammation in male and female rats exposed to maternal and post-weaning high-fat diets.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Intranasal administration of neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles prevents cognitive decline in both male and female 3×Tg-AD mice by dampening neuroinflammation and epigenetically regulating amyloid β metabolism.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
108 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The critical role of neuroinflammation in favoring and accelerating the pathogenic process in Alzheimer's disease (AD) increased the need to target the cerebral innate immune cells as a potential therapeutic strategy to slow down the disease progression. In this scenario, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have risen considerable interest thanks to their immunomodulatory properties, which have been largely ascribed to the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), namely exosomes and microvesicles. Indeed, the beneficial effects of MSC-EVs in regulating the inflammatory response have been reported in different AD mouse models, upon chronic intravenous or intracerebroventricular administration. In this study, we use the triple-transgenic 3xTg mice showing for the first time that the intranasal route of administration of EVs, derived from cytokine-preconditioned MSCs, was able to induce immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects in AD. MSC-EVs reached the brain, where they dampened the activation of microglia cells and increased dendritic spine density. MSC-EVs polarized in vitro murine primary microglia toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype suggesting that the neuroprotective effects observed in transgenic mice could result from a positive modulation of the inflammatory status. The possibility to administer MSC-EVs through a noninvasive route and the demonstration of their anti-inflammatory efficacy might accelerate the chance of a translational exploitation of MSC-EVs in AD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.