ArticleScience advances2020
Linking extracellular enzymes to phylogeny indicates a predominantly particle-associated lifestyle of deep-sea prokaryotes.
Article in Science advances, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
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- An ANIr-based methodology to determine if two sequence-discrete populations are identical and identify cosmopolitan prokaryotic populations.ISME communications · 2026Article
- Microbial population structure along the water columns and sediments in the Diamantina and Kermadec trenches.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Size-fractionated fungal communities in the sunlit ocean.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Organic matter degradation by oceanic fungi differs between polar and non-polar waters.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Metagenomic analysis reveals genetic coupling between TonB-dependent transporters and extracellular enzymes in coastal bacterial communities.Marine life science & technology · 2025Article
- Community differences and potential function along the particle size spectrum of microbes in the twilight zone.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Microbial metabolism in laboratory reared marine snow as revealed by a multi-omics approach.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Ayu: a machine intelligence tool for identification of extracellular proteins in the marine secretome.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Seasonal variability in community structure and metabolism of active deep-sea microorganisms.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Characterizing nitrogen cycling microorganisms and genes in sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir.PloS one · 2025Article
- Collaborative metabolic curation of an emerging model marine bacterium, Alteromonas macleodii ATCC 27126.PloS one · 2025Article
- Microbial diagenesis of dissolved organic matter from the ocean's surface to abyssal depths: a case study in the Humboldt upwelling system.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Decrypting the phylogeny and metabolism of microbial dark matter in green and red Antarctic snow.ISME communications · 2025Article
- Insights into prokaryotic communities and their potential functions in biogeochemical cycles in cold seep.mSphere · 2024Article
- EXCRETE workflow enables deep proteomics of the microbial extracellular environment.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Metaproteomic analysis decodes trophic interactions of microorganisms in the dark ocean.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Functional vertical connectivity of microbial communities in the ocean.Science advances · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Heterotrophic prokaryotes express extracellular hydrolytic enzymes to cleave large organic molecules before taking up the hydrolyzed products. According to foraging theory, extracellular enzymes should be cell associated in dilute systems such as deep sea habitats, but secreted into the surrounding medium in diffusion-limited systems. However, extracellular enzymes in the deep sea are found mainly dissolved in ambient water rather than cell associated. In order to resolve this paradox, we conducted a global survey of peptidases and carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), two key enzyme groups initiating organic matter assimilation, in an integrated metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metaproteomics approach. The abundance, percentage, and diversity of genes encoding secretory processes, i.e., dissolved enzymes, consistently increased from epipelagic to bathypelagic waters, indicating that organic matter cleavage, and hence prokaryotic metabolism, is mediated mainly by particle-associated prokaryotes releasing their extracellular enzymes into diffusion-limited particles in the bathypelagic realm.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.