ArticleCureus2020
Frequency and Associated Risk Factors of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Children at a Hepatitis Prevention and Treatment Clinic in Lahore, Pakistan.
Article in Cureus, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Breakthrough hepatitis B virus infection and its associated factors among vaccinated children in Northwest Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Statistical analysis of seroprevalence and risk factors of hepatitis C in Nowshera District, Pakistan.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Long-Term Hepatitis B Vaccine Immunity in Ethiopian Children That Received a Pentavalent Vaccine Series: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Screening of hepatitis B and C viral infection, recognition of risk factors, and immunization of patients against hepatitis B virus: a module developed for effective hepatitis control.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated the frequency of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the associated horizontal risk factors in children being screened for viral hepatitis in Lahore, Pakistan. Methods Children aged 15 years or younger who were brought to a specialized outpatient viral hepatitis clinic affiliated with a tertiary hospital in Lahore, Pakistan, for viral hepatitis screening from March 2017 to March 2018 were enrolled. Children were screened for HBV and HCV infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; if results were positive, HBV and HCV concentrations were quantitatively assayed by polymerase chain reaction. Children positive for HBV or HCV infection were matched with 100 controls of the same age and sex. All subjects completed a questionnaire on viral infection and its associated risk factors. Results During the study period, 3500 children living in the Punjab Province of Pakistan were screened for HBV and HCV infection. Of these children, 28 (0.8%) were positive for HBV and 66 (1.88%) were positive for HCV. A comparison of the 94 (2.68%) children positive for HBV or HCV with 100 controls identified several risk factors associated with infection. Unexpectedly, ten (35.7%) of the 28 HBV-positive children were born of HBV-negative mothers and had been fully vaccinated for HBV during infancy. Conclusion The frequency of HCV infection was higher than that of HBV infection among Pakistani children aged ≤15 years. Several horizontal risk factors were found to cause viral hepatitis. Several children born of HBV-negative mothers and vaccinated for HBV during infancy later developed HBV infection.
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