ArticleJournal of infection prevention2020
Is sharing the TARGET respiratory tract infection leaflet feasible in routine general practice to improve patient education and appropriate antibiotic use? A mixed methods study in England with patients and healthcare professionals.
Article in Journal of infection prevention, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of national interventions and policies to optimize antibiotic use in healthcare settings in England.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Pooled it
- Improving healthcare professionals' interactions with patients to tackle antimicrobial resistance: a systematic review of interventions, barriers, and facilitators.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Using a decision support tool to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use after a delayed prescription.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2026Trial
- A feasibility study of the use of a patient leaflet for respiratory tract infection consultations in general practice in Ireland.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026Article
- Patient conversations that matter: assessing the role of TARGET TYI leaflets for respiratory care in England's community pharmacies.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatient education on treatment choices for common respiratory tract infections (RTIs) is important to encourage appropriate antibiotic use. Evidence shows that use of leaflets about RTIs can help reduce antibiotic prescribing. TARGET leaflets facilitate patient-clinician communication in consultations.
aimTo explore patient, healthcare professional (HCP) and general practice (GP) staff views on the current Treating Your Infection (TYI)-RTI leaflet and proposed new 'antibiotic effect' column aimed at sharing information on the limited effect antibiotics have on the duration of RTIs.
methodsService evaluation underpinned by Com-B behavioural framework, using patient and HCP questionnaires, and GP staff interviews/focus groups.
resultsPatients completed 83 questionnaires in GP waiting rooms. A lack of patient understanding about usual illness duration influenced their use of antibiotics for some RTIs. Patients provided positive feedback about the leaflet, reporting it increased their capability to self-care, re-consult when necessary and increase understanding of illness duration. Patients indicated they would value information on the difference antibiotics can make to illness duration. In total, 43 HCP questionnaires were completed and 16 GP staff participated in interviews/focus groups. Emerging themes included: barriers and facilitators to leaflet use; modifications; and future dissemination of the leaflet. GP staff stated that the 'antibiotic effect' column should not be included in the leaflet.
conclusionPatient education around usual illness duration, side effects of antibiotics and back-up prescriptions gives patients a greater control of their infection management. As GP staff opposed the extra information about benefits of antibiotics on illness duration, this will not be added.
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