ArticlePakistan journal of medical sciences
Prevalence of tobacco use in urban and rural areas of Pakistan; a sub-study from second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP) 2016 - 2017.
Article in Pakistan journal of medical sciences. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Patterns and association between smokeless tobacco consumption and hemoglobin level among 6 to 12 years children: analytical cross-sectional study : Association between smokeless tobacco use and hemoglobin in rural Pakistani children.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Diabetes mellitus in Pakistan: prevalence and preventive management strategies - a comprehensive literature review.Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports · 2025Review
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- Cancer Incidence in Kabul, Afghanistan: The First Report From the Population-Based Cancer Registry.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Smokeless, not harmless: Understanding Naswar's cardiovascular risks in the northwestern Pakistan.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Cardiometabolic multimorbidity and symptoms of common mental disorders in a primary healthcare system for low-income urban population in Pakistan.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Afghanistan: insights of the nationwide population-based survey in 2018.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- The association between smoking and smokeless tobacco use with dental caries among Pakistani patients.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease in the Pakistani American Population.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2024Review
- Assessing tobacco-related ischemic stroke in Pakistan (1990-2019): Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- A gender-specific assessment of tobacco use risk factors: evidence from the latest Pakistan demographic and health survey.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2021Article
- Nicotine smoking is associated with impaired cognitive performance in Pakistani young people.PeerJ · 2021Article
- Zinc-alpha 2 glycoprotein a diagnostic Biomarker for early stage oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Pakistan journal of medical sciencesArticle
- Evaluation of C-reactive protein and hematological parameters in smokeless tobacco users: A comparative cross-sectional study.Pakistan journal of medical sciencesArticle
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5 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo assess age standardized prevalence of tobacco use in urban and rural areas of Pakistan.
methodsThis is a sub-study of second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP) 2016-2017. Prevalence of tobacco, ex-tobacco and non-tobacco users was determined in urban/rural areas of four provinces (Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Baluchistan) of Pakistan amongst people aged greater than or equal to 20 years. Information regarding tobacco and non-tobacco users were obtained from second NDSP (2016-2017) predesigned questionnaire. Detailed methodology for demographic, anthropometric and biochemical parameters remained same as reported in second NDSP (2016-2017).
resultsThe age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use in Pakistan was found to be 13.4%. Tobacco use in urban areas was 16.3% and rural areas was 11.7%. Tobacco use in urban and rural males was 26.1% and 24.1%, while in females was 7.7% and 3.1%, respectively. The age-standardized prevalence of ex-tobacco use in Pakistan was found to be 2.3%. Ex-tobacco use in urban areas was 2.6% and rural areas was 2.3%. Similarly, ex-tobacco use in urban and rural males was 4.6% and 4.6%, while in females was 0.7% and 0.5%, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression analysis shows that increasing age does not relate towards addiction of tobacco. Males were found to be 7 times (OR 6.94, 95% CI 5.68-8.49) and urban residents twice (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.73-2.52) more tobacco users than females and those living in rural areas, respectively. From the likelihood ratio test, all variables were found to be statistically significant except for dysglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension.
conclusionThe prevalence of tobacco use is high. As a sub paper of a large national survey, this evidence is expected to serve as an important tool to plan larger studies leading in turn to develop strategies for a successful tobacco control program in the country.
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