SynthesisNutrition journal2020
Association of whole grains intake and the risk of digestive tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Nutrition journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for gastric cancer: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Diet and Esophageal Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Diet and Risk of Gastric Cancer: An Umbrella Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Risk factors for gastric cancer: A comprehensive analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Whole Grains, Refined Grains, and Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Impact of Daily Consumption of Whole-Grain Quinoa-Enriched Bread on Gut Microbiome in Males.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- The intersection of colorectal cancer and cardiovascular disease: shared mechanisms and clinical implications.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Article
- Consumption of whole and refined grains and the risk of gastric cancer: a pooled analysis within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Coffee Consumption and Its Potential Implications for Digestive Tract Carcinogenesis.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Trends in colorectal cancer burden attributable to lifestyle in China (1990-2021): based on the global burden of disease study, revealing declining impact of dietary factors and rising influence of tobacco, alcohol, and obesity.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Plant-based diet quality is associated with esophageal mucosa-associated microbiome profiles and disease severity in a high-risk Chinese population.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Article
- The protective role of whole grains and legumes against gastric cancer.Open life sciences · 2026Article
- Defining Optimal Nutrition Behaviors to Determine Benefit-Cost Ratio of Federal Nutrition Education Programs.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Soluble and Insoluble Dietary Fibers in Whole Grains and Their Health Benefits.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Should Grain-Based Staple Foods Be Included in Admonitions to "Avoid Processed and Ultra-Processed Food"?Nutrients · 2025Review
- Association of healthy diet score and adiposity with risk of colorectal cancer: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Humanistic Health Management and Cancer: Associations of Psychology, Nutrition, and Exercise with Cancer Progression and Pathogenesis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and its association with gastric cancer: health benefits from a Planeterranean perspective.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- Dietary fiber influence on overall health, with an emphasis on CVD, diabetes, obesity, colon cancer, and inflammation.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral epidemiological studies have investigated the association between whole grains intake and digestive tract cancer risk; however, the results are still controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the association.
methodsStudies published before March 2020 were searched in database and other sources. The risk ratio (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using fix or random-effects models.
resultsThis meta-analysis included 34 articles reporting 35 studies, 18 studies of colorectal cancer, 11 studies of gastric cancer and 6 studies of esophagus cancer, involving 2,663,278 participants and 28,921 cases. Comparing the highest-intake participants with the lowest-intake participants for whole grains, we found that the intake of whole grains were inversely related to colorectal cancer (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.93, P < 0.001), gastric cancer (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53-0.79, P < 0.001), esophagus cancer (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.44-0.67, P < 0.001), respectively. However, subgroup analysis of colorectal cancer found no significant association in the case-control studies and studies of sample size < 500, and subgroup analysis of gastric cancer found no significant association in the cohort studies and studies of American population. No study significantly affected the findings in the sensitivity analysis. No publication bias was found in the studies for colorectal cancer and esophagus cancer except in the studies for gastric cancer.
conclusionThis meta-analysis provides further evidence that whole grains intake was associated with a reduced risk of digestive tract cancer. Our result supports the dietary guidelines that increase whole grains intake to reduce the risk of digestive tract cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.