ArticleBMC public health2020
Prevalence and risk factors associated with HIV/hepatitis B and HIV/hepatitis C co-infections among people who inject drugs in Mozambique.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Determinants of metabolic syndrome in people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2025Pooled it
- HIV among people who inject drugs in India: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- Hepatitis B status and associated factors among participants screened for simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trials in Kenya and Uganda.PloS one · 2023Trial
- The hepatitis B care cascade among key populations towards global elimination: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- HIV and Hepatitis B co-infection in Tanzania: Analysis of the 2022-2023 Tanzania HIV Impact Survey.PloS one · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding hepatitis B virus among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Rapid simultaneous self-testing of HIV and HCV viral loads with integrated RNA extraction and multiplex RT-PCR in under 1 hour.Biosensors & bioelectronics · 2025Article
- Understanding HIV vulnerability among women who inject drugs in Mozambique, 2023.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Prevalence of HDV, HCV, and HIV Infection in the Population of Patients Infected with HBV in a Romanian Cohort.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Impact pathways of adverse childhood experiences on infectious diseases among substance abusers in border regions: structural equation modeling.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Hepatitis B virus infection among illegal drug users in Enugu State, Nigeria: prevalence, immune status, and related risk factors.BMC public health · 2024Article
- People Who Inject Drugs in Mozambique: We need to normalize HIV treatment and care services in specialized community centers for people who inject drugs!Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- [Delta hepatitis in Africa: epidemiological and clinical particularities].Medecine tropicale et sante internationale · 2023Review
- Gender Differences in HIV, HCV risk and Prevention Needs Among People who Inject drug in Vietnam.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Feasibility and acceptability of integrating hepatitis B care into routine HIV services: a qualitative study among health care providers and patients in West Nile region, Uganda.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Article
- Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection, anti-HCV antibodies and HIV and knowledge among people who use drugs attending methadone therapy clinic in Tanzania; a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Recognizing the hidden: strengthening the HIV surveillance system among key and priority populations in Mozambique.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Risk Factors and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is scare information about HIV co-infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) in Mozambique. This information is critical to ensure the treatment necessary to decrease the progression of liver disease and the transmission of both HIV and hepatitis. We assess the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV co-infections as well as associated risk factors among PWID.
methodsThe first Bio-Behavioral Surveillance Survey was conducted in 2013-2014 among persons who self-reported to have ever injected drugs. Using respondent-driven sampling, PWID aged 18 years and older were recruited in two cross-sectional samples in Maputo and Nampula/Nacala, two large urban centers of Mozambique. Rapid screening of HIV, HBV (HBsAg) and HCV was performed on site. Data from participants in both cities were pooled to conduct RDS-weighted bivariate analyses with HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV co-infections as separate outcomes. Unweighted bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess correlates of co-infection.
resultsAmong 492 eligible PWID, 93.3% were male and median age was 32 years [IQR: 27-36]. HIV, HBV and HCV prevalence were respectively 44.9% (95% CI:37.6-52.3), 32.8% (95% CI:26.3-39.5) and 38.3 (95% CI:30.6-45.9). Co-infections of HIV/HBV, HIV/HCV and HIV/HBV/HCV were identified in 13.1% (95% CI:7.2-18.9), 29.5% (95% CI:22.2-36.8) and 9.2% (95% CI:3.7-14.7) of PWID, respectively. Older age, history of needle/syringe sharing and history of injection with used needle/syringe was associated with HIV/HBV co-infection. Living in Maputo city, have older age, history of needle/syringe sharing and history of injection with used needle/syringe was associated with HIV/HCV co-infection.
conclusionThere is a high burden of HBV and HCV among HIV-infected PWID in Mozambique. Our results highlight the need for targeted harm reduction interventions that include needle exchange programs and integrated services for the diagnosis and treatment of HIV, HBV and HCV to address these epidemics among PWID. Efforts should be made to strengthen ART coverage in the population as an important treatment strategy for both viruses.
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