ArticleThe Laryngoscope2020
Association Between Orthonasal Olfaction and Chemosensory Perception in Patients With Smell Loss.
Article in The Laryngoscope, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between Objective and Subjective Olfactory Dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2-Positive Patients Undergoing Skull Base Surgery.Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base · 2026Article
- Statistical overview of the Sniffin' sticks olfactory test from the perspectives of anosmia and hyposmia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dedicated Olfaction and Taste Items do not Improve Psychometric Performance of the SNOT-22.The Laryngoscope · 2022Article
- Retronasal olfactory testing in early diagnosed and suspected COVID-19 patients: a 7-week follow-up study.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Article
- Virus load and incidence of olfactory, gustatory, respiratory, gastrointestinal disorders in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cohort study.Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery · 2021Article
- Epidemiological, otolaryngological, olfactory and gustatory outcomes according to the severity of COVID-19: a study of 2579 patients.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2021Article
- Radiological Markers of the Olfactory Cleft: Relations to Unilateral Orthonasal and Retronasal Olfactory Function.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Assessment of odor hedonic perception: the Sniffin' sticks parosmia test (SSParoT).Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesSelf-ratings seem to be the most effortless strategy for assessment of patients' chemical senses. Notably, although flavor perception strongly relies on olfaction, the relationship between self-reported flavor perception and orthonasal olfactory tests have hitherto not been considered. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-perceived olfactory function (SO), taste (ST), and flavor perception (SF) and smell test results in patients with olfactory dysfunction (OD).
methodsWe included 203 patients with quantitative OD. Group comparison, bivariate correlation, and ordinal logistic regression were employed to quantify the relationships between predictor variables (age, gender, reason for OD, and orthonasal olfaction-summed scores of threshold, discrimination, and identification [TDI]) and outcomes of SO and SF ("impaired," "average," or "good").
resultsGroup comparison revealed significant differences between SO and SF (P < .001). Stronger correlations were found between SO and TDI (r = 0.64), compared to SF and TDI (r = 0.27). No relevant correlation was found between ST and TDI (r = 0.10). Higher TDI was associated with odds of higher SO in univariate (odds ratio = 1.25) and multivariable analyses (adjusted odds ratio = 1.23), and both models showed good fit of data. Conversely, regression models on the associations between TDI and changes in SF did not meet the assumption of goodness of fit.
conclusionWe found that higher orthonasal olfactory performance was associated with odds of higher SO in patients with OD, even after controlling for olfactory-relevant factors. To the contrary, similar models based on flavor perception failed to describe these relationships. This indicates for SF and ST to be less represented by the TDI compared to SO. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 130:2213-2219, 2020.
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