ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2020
Mapping of HIV-1C Transmission Networks Reveals Extensive Spread of Viral Lineages Across Villages in Botswana Treatment-as-Prevention Trial.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01965470 (Botswana Combination Prevention Project), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Botswana Combination Prevention Project: -Evaluation Protocol (Protocol #1): Research Design and Impact Evaluation -Closed Clinical Cohort Protocol (Protocol #3) Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation of Combination HIV Prevention Interventions in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Detection of HIV-1 Transmission Clusters from Dried Blood Spots within a Universal Test-and-Treat Trial in East Africa.Viruses · 2022Trial
- Characterisation of RT Connection and RNase H Polymorphisms in HIV-1 Subtype C in Botswana.Viruses · 2026Article
- Machine Learning Application in Enhancing HIV Management and Treatment Outcomes: Revolutionizing HIV Infection.Current HIV research · 2026Review
- Molecular transmission network and spatial analysis of HIV/AIDS in Hainan, China: a population-based study.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Pretreatment HIV-1 Drug Resistance Among Newly Diagnosed People in Eastern Ethiopia.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Evidence from HIV sequencing for blood-borne transmission in Africa.Journal of public health in Africa · 2025Review
- Low prevalence of archived integrase strand transfer inhibitors resistance associated mutations in Botswana before the roll out of dolutegravir based first line antiretroviral therapy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- The role of migration networks in the development of Botswana's generalized HIV epidemic.eLife · 2023Article
- Population mobility and the development of Botswana's generalized HIV epidemic: a network analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Using mobile phone data to reveal risk flow networks underlying the HIV epidemic in Namibia.Nature communications · 2021Article
- HIV incidence after pre-exposure prophylaxis initiation among women and men at elevated HIV risk: A population-based study in rural Kenya and Uganda.PLoS medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPhylogenetic mapping of HIV-1 lineages circulating across defined geographical locations is promising for better understanding HIV transmission networks to design optimal prevention interventions.
methodsWe obtained near full-length HIV-1 genome sequences from people living with HIV (PLWH), including participants on antiretroviral treatment in the Botswana Combination Prevention Project, conducted in 30 Botswana communities in 2013-2018. Phylogenetic relationships among viral sequences were estimated by maximum likelihood.
resultsWe obtained 6078 near full-length HIV-1C genome sequences from 6075 PLWH. We identified 984 phylogenetically distinct HIV-1 lineages (molecular HIV clusters) circulating in Botswana by mid-2018, with 2-27 members per cluster. Of these, dyads accounted for 62%, approximately 32% (n = 316) were found in single communities, and 68% (n = 668) were spread across multiple communities. Men in clusters were approximately 3 years older than women (median age 42 years, vs 39 years; P < .0001). In 65% of clusters, men were older than women, while in 35% of clusters women were older than men. The majority of identified viral lineages were spread across multiple communities.
conclusionsA large number of circulating phylogenetically distinct HIV-1C lineages (molecular HIV clusters) suggests highly diversified HIV transmission networks across Botswana communities by 2018.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.