ArticleJournal of neurovirology2020
The intracellular DNA sensors cGAS and IFI16 do not mediate effective antiviral immune responses to HSV-1 in human microglial cells.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Z-DNA binding protein 1 mediates necroptotic cell death in primary murine microglia following herpes simplex virus-1 infection.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Article
- Tug of war: innate immunity and herpes simplex keratitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Multifaceted activation of STING axis upon Nipah and measles virus-induced syncytia formation.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Cytosolic DNA sensors in neurodegenerative diseases: from physiological defenders to pathological culprits.EMBO molecular medicine · 2024Review
- cGAS Mediates the Inflammatory Responses of Human Microglial Cells to Genotoxic DNA Damage.Inflammation · 2024Article
- Human microglial models to study host-virus interactions.Experimental neurology · 2023Review
- Cytosolic DNA sensors and glial responses to endogenous DNA.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Plasmid-mediated gene transfer of Cas9 induces vector-related but not SpCas9-related immune responses in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Z-DNA binding protein 1 mediates necroptotic and apoptotic cell death pathways in murine astrocytes following herpes simplex virus-1 infection.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Microglia in antiviral immunity of the brain and spinal cord.Seminars in immunology · 2022Review
- Disrupting Neurons and Glial Cells Oneness in the Brain-The Possible Causal Role of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The Development of mRNA Vaccines for Infectious Diseases: Recent Updates.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Review
- Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Interactions with the Interferon System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Cytosolic DNA Sensors and CNS Responses to Viral Pathogens.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Glia play a key role in immunosurveillance within the central nervous system (CNS) and can recognize a wide range of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) via members of multiple pattern recognition receptor (PRR) families. Of these, the expression of cytosolic/nuclear RNA and DNA sensors by glial cells is of particular interest as their ability to interact with intracellular nucleic acids suggests a critical role in the detection of viral pathogens. The recently discovered DNA sensors cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and interferon gamma-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) have been reported to be important for the recognition of DNA pathogens such as herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) in peripheral human cell types, and we have recently demonstrated that human glia express cGAS and its downstream adaptor molecule stimulator of interferon genes (STING). Here, we have demonstrated that human microglial cells functionally express cGAS and exhibit robust constitutive IFI16 expression. While cGAS serves as a significant component in IRF3 activation and IFN-β production by human microglial cells in response to foreign intracellular DNA, IFI16 is not required for such responses. Surprisingly, neither of these sensors mediate effective antiviral responses to HSV-1 in microglia, and this may be due, at least in part, to viral suppression of cGAS and/or IFI16 expression. As such, this ability may represent an important HSV immune evasion strategy in glial cells, and approaches that mitigate such suppression might represent a novel strategy to limit HSV-1-associated neuropathology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.