Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32488154›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

PLGA nanoparticles loaded with Gallic acid- a constituent of Leea indica against Acanthamoeba triangularis.

Tooba Mahboob, Muhammad Nawaz, Maria de Lourdes Pereira, Tan Tian-Chye, Chandramathi Samudi, Shamala Devi Sekaran, Christophe Wiart, Veeranoot Nissapatorn

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
7.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. The potential of nanocomposites (patuletin-conjugated with gallic acid-coated zinc oxide) against free-living amoebae pathogens.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2025
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  14. Overview of Antimicrobial Biodegradable Polyester-Based Formulations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
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  16. Synthesis of M-AgInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.

Tooba MahboobDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2695-9132
Muhammad NawazDepartment of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. mnnmuhammad@iau.edu.sa.
Maria de Lourdes PereiraDepartment of Medical Sciences & CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
Tan Tian-ChyeDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Chandramathi SamudiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Shamala Devi SekaranFaculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Saujana Putra Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.
Christophe WiartSchool of Pharmacy, Nottingham University Malaysia Campus, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Veeranoot NissapatornDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. nissapat@gmail.com.
University Malaya Medical Centre · MYUniversity of Malaya · MYImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University · SAMahsa University · MYUniversity of Aveiro · PTUniversity of Nottingham Malaysia Campus · MY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acanthamoeba, a genus that contains at least 24 species of free-living protozoa, is ubiquitous in nature. Successful treatment of Acanthamoeba infections is always very difficult and not always effective. More effective drugs must be developed, and medicinal plants may have a pivotal part in the future of drug discovery. Our research focused on investigating the in vitro anti- acanthamoebic potential of Leea indica and its constituent gallic acid in different concentrations. Water and butanol fractions exhibited significant amoebicidal activity against trophozoites and cysts. Gallic acid (100 µg/mL) revealed 83% inhibition of trophozoites and 69% inhibition of cysts. The butanol fraction induced apoptosis in trophozoites, which was observed using tunnel assay. The cytotoxicity of the fractions and gallic acid was investigated against MRC-5 and no adverse effects were observed. Gallic acid was successfully loaded within poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles with 82.86% encapsulation efficiency, while gallic acid showed 98.24% in vitro release at 48 hours. Moreover, the gallic acid encapsulated in the PLGA nanoparticles exhibited 90% inhibition against trophozoites. In addition, gallic acid encapsulated nanoparticles showed reduced cytotoxicity towards MRC-5 compared to gallic acid, which evidenced that natural product nanoencapsulation in polymeric nanoparticles could play an important role in the delivery of natural products.

Indexed as

AcanthamoebaAmebiasisAmebicidesDrug CarriersDrug Delivery SystemsGallic AcidNanoparticlesParticle SizePlant ExtractsPolyglycolic AcidPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerVitaceaeAmebicidesDrug CarriersGallic AcidPlant ExtractsPolyglycolic AcidPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer

Identifiers

PMID32488154
PMCPMC7265533
OpenAlexW3031431602

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.