ArticlemBio2020
Chlorpromazine and Amitriptyline Are Substrates and Inhibitors of the AcrB Multidrug Efflux Pump.
Article in mBio, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychotropic Drugs: A Promising Non-Antibiotic Agent to Combat Multi-Drug-Resistant Microorganisms.Drug development research · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the effects of hybrids of metronidazole and eugenol analogues as inhibitors of the Staphylococcus aureus NorA efflux pump: an in vitro and in silico analysis.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
- Fosfomycin at sub-minimum inhibitory concentration impairs biofilm and efflux pump activity in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Chitosan-dextran sulfate nanocapsules for enhanced tigecycline efficacy against non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Co-development of efflux pump inhibitors with antibiotics on targeting structural and mutational aspects of AcrB subunit.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Environmental Consequences of Anthropogenic Pollution: Non-antibiotic-Drug-Driven Antibiotic Resistance Selection in a Model Aquatic Ecosystem.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Targeting the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump by small molecules selectively addressing the outer membrane factor TolC.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Broadly Defined Antibiotic Adjuvants forThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026Review
- A novel role for colistin as an efflux pump inhibitor in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Impeding pathways of intrinsic resistance in Escherichia coli confers antibiotic sensitization and resistance proofing.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Targeting efflux pumps prevents the multi-step evolution of high-level resistance to fluoroquinolone inMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Extending the Potency and Lifespan of Antibiotics: Inhibitors of Gram-Negative Bacterial Efflux Pumps.ACS infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Medicinal Polypharmacology in the Clinic - Translating the Polypharmacolome into Therapeutic Benefit.Pharmaceutical research · 2024Article
- Comparative reassessment of AcrB efflux inhibitors reveals differential impact of specific pump mutations on the activity of potent compounds.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Development of pharmacophore models for AcrB protein and the identification of potential adjuvant candidates for overcoming efflux-mediated colistin resistance.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- Efflux pump inhibitory potential of indole derivatives as an arsenal againstMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Consistency across multi-omics layers in a drug-perturbed gut microbial community.Molecular systems biology · 2023Article
- Bacteria exposed to antiviral drugs develop antibiotic cross-resistance and unique resistance profiles.Communications biology · 2023Article
- AcrAB-TolC, a major efflux pump in Gram negative bacteria: toward understanding its operation mechanism.BMB reports · 2023Review
- Role of bacterial efflux pumps in antibiotic resistance, virulence, and strategies to discover novel efflux pump inhibitors.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Efflux is an important mechanism in Gram-negative bacteria conferring multidrug resistance. Inhibition of efflux is an encouraging strategy to restore the antibacterial activity of antibiotics. Chlorpromazine and amitriptyline have been shown to behave as efflux inhibitors. However, their mode of action is poorly understood. Exposure of
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.