ReviewCritical care (London, England)2020
The gut microbiome's role in the development, maintenance, and outcomes of sepsis.
Review in Critical care (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 205 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
205 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 316 citations in OpenAlex.
- A bibliometric and visual analysis of research trends and hotspots in sepsis-related immunosuppression (2005-2025).Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of traditional Chinese medicine on gastrointestinal dysfunction in sepsis patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring the relationship between life course adiposity and sepsis: insights from a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Emerging trends and hotspots in intestinal microbiota research in sepsis: bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- The human microbiome and COVID-19: A systematic review.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Exploring choices of early nutritional support for patients with sepsis based on changes in intestinal microecology.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Trial
- Acupuncture Enhances Gastrointestinal Motility and Improves Autonomic Nervous Function in Patients with Septic Gastrointestinal Dysfunction.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Trial
- Indole-3-carboxaldehyde fromGut microbes · 2026Article
- Fecal microbiota transplantation alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by improving mitochondrial function.The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Higher abundance ofmSystems · 2026Article
- Feasibility and Safety of Washed Microbiota Transplantation as Salvage Therapy for Refractory Non-CDI Gut Pathogens in Critically Ill Patients.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Fecal microbiota transplantation alleviates adverse pregnancy outcomes and intestinal injury in experimental malaria.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- The molecular ICU: a primer on omics, informatics and the future of precision critical care.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Ameliorative Effects of an Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Limosilactobacillus fermentum TG017 on DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Longitudinal dynamics of gut microbiota and mycobiota in pneumonia-derived sepsis: evidence of taxonomic stability and trans-kingdom network reorganization.Gut pathogens · 2026Article
- Nur77 attenuates Paneth cell necroptosis-induced intestinal inflammation through regulating endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis in sepsis.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Development and validation of clinical phenotypes in sepsis-associated liver injury using multi-algorithm consensus classification: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Optimization of Preclinical Rodent Research Models of Human Shock: Part One Intra-Abdominal Sepsis.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Review
145 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The gut microbiome regulates a number of homeostatic mechanisms in the healthy host including immune function and gut barrier protection. Loss of normal gut microbial structure and function has been associated with diseases as diverse as Clostridioides difficile infection, asthma, and epilepsy. Recent evidence has also demonstrated a link between the gut microbiome and sepsis. In this review, we focus on three key areas of the interaction between the gut microbiome and sepsis. First, prior to sepsis onset, gut microbiome alteration increases sepsis susceptibility through several mechanisms, including (a) allowing for expansion of pathogenic intestinal bacteria, (b) priming the immune system for a robust pro-inflammatory response, and (c) decreasing production of beneficial microbial products such as short-chain fatty acids. Second, once sepsis is established, gut microbiome disruption worsens and increases susceptibility to end-organ dysfunction. Third, there is limited evidence that microbiome-based therapeutics, including probiotics and selective digestive decontamination, may decrease sepsis risk and improve sepsis outcomes in select patient populations, but concerns about safety have limited uptake. Case reports of a different microbiome-based therapy, fecal microbiota transplantation, have shown correlation with gut microbial structure restoration and decreased inflammatory response, but these results require further validation. While much of the evidence linking the gut microbiome and sepsis has been established in pre-clinical studies, clinical evidence is lacking in many areas. To address this, we outline a potential research agenda for further investigating the interaction between the gut microbiome and sepsis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.