ReviewCurrent neuropharmacology2020
The Stroke-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption: Current Progress of Inspection Technique, Mechanism, and Therapeutic Target.
Review in Current neuropharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review on the dual roles of microRNAs in ischemic stroke: mechanisms and effects.PeerJ · 2026Pooled it
- The Effects of Cannabinoids on Ischemic Stroke-Associated Neuroinflammation: A Systematic Review.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Versus Aspirin in Early Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Animal stroke models and outcome evaluation: A review.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- A full-active phosphorus dendron-based nanomedicine alleviates ischemic stroke through multi-target immunomodulation and neuroprotection.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Potential of NLRP3 Inhibitor MCC950 in Aging Mice Stroke Outcomes.Translational stroke research · 2026Article
- Targeting CIRP and IL-6R-mediated microglial inflammation to improve outcomes in intracerebral hemorrhage.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal stromal cells and neuroinflammation: a multimodal approach to neuroprotection and future therapeutic horizons.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Molecular Pathophysiology of Ischemic Stroke and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Based Therapeutic Strategies for Neural Tissue Regeneration: A Pre-clinical and Clinical Perspective.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Potential of PCSK9 Inhibitors in Regulating Neuroinflammation in Acute Ischemic Stroke.CNS drugs · 2026Review
- The NLRP3 Inflammasome in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Capillary-Associated Microglia in Neurovascular Coupling: Localization, Mechanisms, and Disease Implications.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Targeting PKC/NF-κB/NLRP3-driven NcRNA neuroinflammatory crosstalk by condensed tannins in global cerebral ischemia.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Neuroglia and immune cells play different roles in neuroinflammation and neuroimmune response in post-stroke neural injury and repair.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Intermittent hypoxia ameliorates behavioral deficits and exerts neurorestoration in a mouse photothrombotic stroke model.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Neurovascular dysfunction in the development and progression of neuroinflammatory diseases.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Peri-procedural and early body temperature trajectories after endovascular thrombectomy and clinical outcomes in intensive care unit patients with acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Krüppel-Like Factors Modulate Susceptibility To Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Effect of Methylprednisolone on Ischemic Brain Edema After Temporary Occlusion of the Middle Cerebral Artery in Rats.Physiological research · 2025Article
- Selective Deletion of NBCe1 in Reactive Astrocytes Attenuates Ischemic Stroke Brain Damage.Glia · 2025Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The bloodbrain barrier (BBB) is a characteristic structure of microvessel within the brain. Under normal physiological conditions, the BBB plays a role in the prevention of harmful substances entering into the brain parenchyma within the central nervous system. However, stroke stimuli induce the breakdown of BBB leading to the influx of cytotoxic substances, vasogenic brain edema, and hemorrhagic transformation. Therefore, BBB disruption is a major complication, which needs to be addressed in order to improve clinical outcomes in stroke. In this review, we first discuss the structure and function of the BBB. Next, we discuss the progress of the techniques utilized to study BBB breakdown in in-vitro and in-vivo studies, along with biomarkers and imaging techniques in clinical settings. Lastly, we highlight the mechanisms of stroke-induced neuroinflammation and apoptotic process of endothelial cells causing BBB breakdown, and the potential therapeutic targets to protect BBB integrity after stroke. Secondary products arising from stroke-induced tissue damage provide transformation of myeloid cells such as microglia and macrophages to pro-inflammatory phenotype followed by further BBB disruption via neuroinflammation and apoptosis of endothelial cells. In contrast, these myeloid cells are also polarized to anti-inflammatory phenotype, repairing compromised BBB. Therefore, therapeutic strategies to induce anti-inflammatory phenotypes of the myeloid cells may protect BBB in order to improve clinical outcomes of stroke patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.