ArticleDaru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences2020
Design and evaluation of a novel nanodrug delivery system for reducing the side effects of clomiphene citrate on endometrium.
Article in Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tailored transethosomal systems for tadalafil transdermal delivery: Impact of Phosal and edge activators on skin permeation and cellular uptake.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Article
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Potential for Nanomaterial-Based Drug Delivery in Therapy of This Disease.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Effect of Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel.) Leaves on Letrozole-Induced PCOS in Rats: a Molecular Insight into Its Phytoconstituents.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2023Article
- TLR-1, TLR-2, and TLR-6 MYD88-dependent signaling pathway: A potential factor in the interaction of high-DNA fragmentation human sperm with fallopian tube epithelial cells.Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine · 2023Article
- Identification of potential quality markers of Zishen Yutai pill based on spectrum-effect relationship analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Self-Emulsifying Phospholipid Preconcentrates for the Enhanced Photoprotection of Luteolin.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Interaction of sperm with endometrium can regulate genes involved in endometrial receptivity pathway in mice: An experimental study.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStimulation of ovulation with clomiphene citrate can cause side effects on endometrial receptivity. Formulation with nano-size may be an alternative therapy for women with ovulatory disorders. In this study, we investigated sustained-release clomiphene citrate by using Phosal-based formulation (PBF) and evaluate its decreased side effect on the endometrial receptivity.
methodsIn the in-vitro study, CC loaded PBF was analyzed using Zetasizer, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the in-vivo study, 24 female mice were randomly divided into three groups: CC (5 mg/kg), CC/PBF (5 mg/kg) and SS (1 ml) daily administered and injected with 5 IU HCG and mated after two days. At day 4.5, pregnant mice were euthanized and endometrial tissue was extracted for quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) analysis.
resultsThe optimized PBF contained Phosal 50PG/glycerol in a 2:8 ratios (w/w) and the particle size of optimum formulation was 67 ± 0.30551 nm and the release of CC from CC-containing PBF was slightly faster in the first 24 h; wherein, 29% of CC was released, and 76% of CC was released up to 120 h. The mRNA levels of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), leukemia inhibitory factor receptor alpha (LIFR), HOXA10, Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were significantly upregulated and MUC1 and PGR mRNA levels were significantly downregulated in the CC-containing PBF-treated animals compared with only CC group (P < 0.05).
conclusionSustained release formulation of clomiphene citrate increased its targeting efficiency and improved the impact of the CC on implantation. Graphical abstract A new Phosal Based Formulation (PBF) was designed to decrease the side effects of Clomiphene citrate (CC) on endometrium. This drug formulation could react better during implantation by increasing the expression of genes involved in implantation. The in vivo study demonstrated that the CC-containing PBF in mice has a significantly higher endometrial receptivity, compared with the suspension.
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