ArticleModern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc2020
Frequent traces of EBV infection in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas classified as EBV-negative by routine methods: expanding the landscape of EBV-related lymphomas.
Article in Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 43 papers.
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43 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epstein-Barr virus antibodies and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a pooled analysis of four prospective cohorts.Blood cancer journal · 2026Article
- Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoma: current understanding and treatment strategies.Blood research · 2026Review
- EBV Dysregulation Is Associated With Immune Imbalance in Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence From Integrated Viral and Host Analyses.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Burkitt Lymphoma-A Guide to Biological Features, Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis.Cancers · 2026Review
- The best from both disciplines: integrating human and microbial signatures from whole genome sequencing to advance cancer diagnostics.mSystems · 2026Review
- The role of Epstein-Barr virus in NK/T cell lymphoproliferative disorders: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Hit-and-run hypothesis: revisiting the impact of EBV in malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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- HERV-K Envelope Induce a Humoral Response in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- The EBV-Positive Tumor Methylome Is Distinct from EBV-Negative in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.Cancers · 2025Article
- Genomic landscape of virus-associated cancers.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Review
- Epstein-Barr virus-associated B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders and lymphomas: Diagnostic overlaps and defining features.Human pathology · 2025Review
- Research landmarks on the 60th anniversary of Epstein-Barr virus.Science China. Life sciences · 2025Review
- Rapid and Sensitive Digital Droplet PCR Assays for Detecting HPV16 DNA in Liquid Biopsies.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Review
- From virus to cancer: Epstein-Barr virus miRNA connection in Burkitt's lymphoma.Infectious agents and cancer · 2024Review
- A proteome-wide analysis unveils a core Epstein-Barr virus antibody signature of classic Hodgkin lymphoma across ethnically diverse populations.International journal of cancer · 2024Article
- Immune Modulation by Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Cycle: Relevance and Implication in Oncogenesis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
21 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is linked to various B-cell lymphomas, including Burkitt lymphoma (BL), classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) at frequencies ranging, by routine techniques, from 5 to 10% of cases in DLBCL to >95% in endemic BL. Using higher-sensitivity methods, we recently detected EBV traces in a few EBV-negative BL cases, possibly suggesting a "hit-and-run" mechanism. Here, we used routine and higher-sensitivity methods (qPCR and ddPCR for conserved EBV genomic regions and miRNAs on microdissected tumor cells; EBNA1 mRNA In situ detection by RNAscope) to assess EBV infection in a larger lymphoma cohort [19 BL, 34 DLBCL, 44 cHL, 50 follicular lymphomas (FL), 10 T-lymphoblastic lymphomas (T-LL), 20 hairy cell leukemias (HCL), 10 mantle cell lymphomas (MCL)], as well as in several lymphoma cell lines (9 cHL and 6 BL). qPCR, ddPCR, and RNAscope consistently documented the presence of multiple EBV nucleic acids in rare tumor cells of several cases EBV-negative by conventional methods that all belonged to lymphoma entities clearly related to EBV (BL, 6/9 cases; cHL, 16/32 cases; DLBCL, 11/30 cases), in contrast to fewer cases (3/47 cases) of FL (where the role of EBV is more elusive) and no cases (0/40) of control lymphomas unrelated to EBV (HCL, T-LL, MCL). Similarly, we revealed traces of EBV infection in 4/5 BL and 6/7 HL cell lines otherwise conventionally classified as EBV negative. Interestingly, additional EBV-positive cases (1 DLBCL, 2 cHL) relapsed as EBV-negative by routine methods while showing EBNA1 expression in rare tumor cells by RNAscope. The relapse specimens were clonally identical to their onset biopsies, indicating that the lymphoma clone can largely loose the EBV genome over time but traces of EBV infection are still detectable by high-sensitivity methods. We suggest EBV may contribute to lymphoma pathogenesis more widely than currently acknowledged.
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