ArticleThe Canadian journal of nursing research = Revue canadienne de recherche en sciences infirmieres2021
A Cross-Sectional Exploration of Cytokine-Symptom Networks in Breast Cancer Survivors Using Network Analysis.
Article in The Canadian journal of nursing research = Revue canadienne de recherche en sciences infirmieres, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the Complexity of Multidimensional Symptom Experiences in Patients With Cancer: Systematic Review of the Network Analysis Approach.JMIR cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Biological correlates of cancer-related fatigue in older male cancer survivors.Translational psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Effects of meditation compared to music listening on biomarkers in breast cancer survivors with cognitive complaints: secondary outcomes of a pilot randomized control trial.Explore (New York, N.Y.)Trial
- Bridging symptoms linking postoperative symptom clusters seven days after esophagectomy: A multicenter network analysis of 418 patients with esophageal cancer.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026Article
- Effect of an integrated mHealth supportive care program on symptom burden and self-efficacy in post-treatment breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Longitudinal symptom network patterns in cancer patients during the end of life.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- The inflammation-depression link: How social networks buffer or exacerbate risk.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Network analysis used to investigate the interplay among somatic and psychological symptoms in patients with cancer and cancer survivors: a scoping review.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Article
- Network analysis of anxiety and depressive symptoms among patients with cardiovascular disease.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Biological mechanisms of cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer survivors after treatment: a scoping review.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Article
- Network analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in stroke patients.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Core and bridging symptoms in patients with atrial fibrillation: a network analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Network analysis of anxiety and depressive symptoms among patients with heart failure.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Inflammation at diagnosis and cognitive impairment two years later in breast cancer patients from the Canto-Cog study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Symptoms experienced after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in patients with primary liver cancer: A network analysis.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2024Article
- Systemic inflammation and cancer-related frailty: shifting the paradigm toward precision survivorship medicine.ESMO open · 2024Article
- Cancer-related fatigue and depression: a monocentric, prospective, cross-sectional study in advanced solid tumors.ESMO open · 2022Article
- Web-Based Research Trends on Child and Adolescent Cancer Survivors Over the Last 5 Years: Text Network Analysis and Topic Modeling Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Article
- Temporal biobehavioral pathways from perceived stress to symptom burden in patients with cancer: A three-wave longitudinal cross-lagged panel network analysis to inform supportive care.International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHPArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this study is to (a) visualize the symptom-cytokine networks (perceived stress, fatigue, loneliness, perceived cognitive impairment, daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, and 13 cytokines) and (b) explore centrality metrics of symptom-cytokine networks in breast cancer survivors who completed chemotherapy treatment.
methodsCross-sectional analysis of data collected from 66 breast cancer survivors who were on average three years post chemotherapy completion. Perceived stress, fatigue, loneliness, perceived cognitive impairment, daytime sleepiness, and sleep quality were measured with self-report instruments, and a panel of 13 cytokines was measured from serum using multiplex assays. Symptoms and cytokines were simultaneously evaluated with correlations, network analysis, and community analysis.
resultsNetwork analysis revealed the nodes with the greatest degree and closeness were interleukin-2, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-13, and perceived cognitive impairment. Node betweenness was highest for perceived cognitive impairment and interleukin-2. Community analysis revealed two separate communities of nodes within the network (symptoms and the cytokines). Several edges connected the two communities including perceived cognitive impairment, stress, fatigue, depression, interleukin-2, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-8, interleukin-13, and interleukin-10. Partial correlation analyses revealed significant negative relationships between interleukin-2 and fatigue, loneliness, stress, and perceived cognitive impairment (
conclusionsOur analyses support that perceived cognitive impairment, stress, loneliness, depressive symptoms, and fatigue co-occur and extend the literature by suggesting that interleukin-2 may contribute to the underlying mechanistic pathway of these co-occurring symptoms. Our findings add to a growing body of literature that is shifting to study symptoms as they co-occur, or cluster, rather than individual symptoms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.