ArticleMedicine2020
Foam sclerotherapy compared with liquid sclerotherapy for the treatment of lower extremity varicose veins: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis.
Article in Medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- A randomized controlled trial of 3% polidocanol foam with saline prewashing compared with standard foam sclerotherapy for the treatment of varicose veins.Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders · 2026Trial
- Sclerotherapy: Indications and safety volumes.Phlebology · 2024Article
- Effect of catheter needle caliber on polidocanol foam stability in foam sclerotherapy.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Article
- Clinical Efficacy of Endovenous Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) for Superficial Varicose Veins of the Lower Extremities.Disease markers · 2022Article
- Management of Lower Extremity Pain from Chronic Venous Insufficiency: A Comprehensive Review.Cardiology and therapy · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is a continued discussion on which is the best sclerosant to treat lower extremity varicose veins. Therefore, we did this meta-analysis to determine that foam sclerotherapy versus liquid sclerotherapy, which could perform better in the treatment of lower extremity varicose veins. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe independently searched 5 databases from inception to February 1, 2019, for randomized controlled trials and prospective controlled trials for comparing foam sclerotherapy and liquid sclerotherapy for the treatment of lower extremity varicose veins. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of studies. The primary outcome and secondary outcomes were analyzed using stata 15.0. This meta-analysis was performed according to Cochrane Handbook.
resultsThere were significant differences in effective rate (P < .001, odd ratios = 5.64, 95% confidence interval = 3.93-8.10) and incidence rate of pain (P = .030, odd ratios = 1.52, 95% confidence interval = 1.04-2.21) between foam sclerotherapy and liquid sclerotherapy. And there were no significant differences among local inflammation (P = .896, rate difference = 0.00, 95% confidence interval = -0.03 to 0.03), thrombophlebitis (P = .90, rate difference = 0.00, 95% confidence interval = -0.02 to 0.02) and hyperpigmentation (P = .336, rate difference = 0.05, 95% confidence interval = -0.05 to 0.14).
conclusionsAlthough foam sclerotherapy has a higher incidence rate of complications, it could achieve a more stable clinical efficacy in the treatment of lower extremity varicose veins than liquid sclerotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.