ArticleCancer cell international2020
Adipocytes promote tumor progression and induce PD-L1 expression via TNF-α/IL-6 signaling.
Article in Cancer cell international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differentiation state affects PD-L1 expression in cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2026Pooled it
- Association of PD-L1 Expression with Clinicopathologic Characters in Gastric Cancer: A Comprehensive Meta-analysis.Current medicinal chemistry · 2024Pooled it
- H19 and the PD-1/PD-L1 Axis in hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer: emerging evidence, mechanistic links, and therapeutic perspectives.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Adipocytes as Orchestrators of Multimodal Cancer Therapy Resistance.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2026Review
- "Cytokine-Mediated tumor sensitization: mechanistic frameworks and therapeutic opportunities in cancer Immunotherapy".Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Pathophysiological Roles of Obesity-Induced Alterations in Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Adipose Tissue and Adipocytes.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Research Advances in the Endometriotic Microenvironment: Synergistic Immune-Inflammatory-Angiogenic Interactions and their Therapeutic Translation.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- CAA-derived IL-6 promoted the PD-L1 expression of breast cancer via STAT3/miR-497a-5p signaling.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2025Article
- Double-sided niche regulation in skin stem cell and cancer: mechanisms and clinical applications.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- The paradigm shift: re-evaluating preclinical animal models for colorectal cancer in the precision medicine era.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Relationship between Proinflammatory Molecules and PD-L1 in Patients with Obesity Who Underwent Gastric Sleeve Surgery-A Pilot Study.Reports (MDPI) · 2024Article
- A keratinocyte-adipocyte signaling loop is reprogrammed by loss of BTG3 to augment skin carcinogenesis.Cell death and differentiation · 2024Article
- Adipocytes impact on gastric cancer progression: Prognostic insights and molecular features.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Article
- Potential roles of sex-linked differences in obesity and cancer immunotherapy: revisiting the obesity paradox.npj metabolic health and disease · 2024Review
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Adiponectin in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancers · 2023Review
- Melanoma cells induce dedifferentiation and metabolic changes in adipocytes present in the tumor niche.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2023Article
- Adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles: bridging the communications between obesity and tumor microenvironment.Discover oncology · 2023Review
- The screening of compounds regulating PD-L1 transcriptional activity in a cell functional high-throughput manner.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- TNF-Alpha Promotes an Inflammatory Mammary Microenvironment That Favors Macrophage and Epithelial Migration in a CCL2- and Mitochondrial-ROS-Dependent Manner.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundObesity confers increased risk for various types of cancer. PD-L1 is a key molecule in tumor immune evasion by inducing T cell exhaustion. The relationship between obesity and PD-L1 is still ambiguous. This study was designed to reveal the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and melanoma in obese mice and to investigate if adipocytes regulate PD-L1 expression and the underlying mechanism.
methodsMonosodium glutamate-induced obese mice were inoculated with H22 tumor cells and High fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice were inoculated with B16-F1 mouse melanoma cells. Human hepatoma HepG2 cells and B16-F1 cells were treated with conditional media from 3T3-L1 adipocytes (adi-CM). Neutralized anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-6 antibodies and inhibitor of NF-κB or STAT3 were used to reveal the mechanism of effect of adi-CM.
resultsIn obese mice, H22 and B16-F1 tumor tissues grew faster and PD-L1 expression in tumor tissue was increased. Adi-CM up-regulated PD-L1 level in HepG2 and B16-F1 cells in vitro. Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes secreted TNF-α and IL-6, and neutralizing TNF-α and/or IL-6 reduced PD-L1 expression in adi-CM-treated cells. p-NF-κB/NF-κB level was downregulated in HepG2 and B16-F1 cells, and p-STAT3/STAT3 level was also decreased in HepG2 cells. In addition, inhibitor of NF-κB or STAT3 reversed the effect of adi-CM on PD-L1 expression.
conclusionsTNF-α and IL-6 secreted by adipocytes up-regulates PD-L1 in hepatoma and B16-F1 cells, which may be at least partially involved in the role of obesity in promoting tumor progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.