ArticleCellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology2020
The EXTrauterine Environment for Neonatal Development Supports Normal Intestinal Maturation and Development.
Article in Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artificial Placenta and Partial Ectogenesis for Extremely Preterm Infants: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Changes in the Incidence and Severity of NEC over the Last Decade: A Single-Center Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- A fetal wound healing program after intrauterine bile duct injury may contribute to biliary atresia.Journal of hepatology · 2023Article
- An Artificial Placenta Experimental System in Sheep: Critical Issues for Successful Transition and Survival up to One Week.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Pediatric and neonatal extracorporeal life support: current state and continuing evolution.Pediatric surgery international · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsThe Extra-Uterine Environment for Neonatal Development (EXTEND) aims to avoid the complications of prematurity, such as NEC. Our goal was to determine if bowel development occurs normally in EXTEND-supported lambs, with specific emphasis on markers of immaturity associated with NEC.
methodsWe compared terminal ileum from 17 pre-term lambs supported on EXTEND for 2- 4 weeks to bowel from age-matched fetal lambs that developed in utero. We evaluated morphology, markers of epithelial integrity and maturation, enteric nervous system structure, and bowel motility.
resultsEXTEND-supported lamb ileum had normal villus height, crypt depth, density of mucin-containing goblet cells, and enteric neuron density. Expression patterns for I-FABP, activated caspase-3 and EGFR were normal in bowel epithelium. Transmural resistance assessed in Ussing chambers was normal. Bowel motility was also normal as assessed by ex vivo organ bath and video imaging. However, Peyer's patch organization did not occur normally in EXTEND ileum, resulting in fewer circulating B cells in experimental animals.
conclusionEXTEND supports normal ileal epithelial and enteric nervous system maturation in pre-term lambs. The classic morphologic changes and cellular expression profiles associated with NEC are not seen. However, immune development within the EXTEND supported lamb bowel does not progress normally.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.