ArticleCellular and molecular neurobiology2021
Harsh Parenting Predicts Novel HPA Receptor Gene Methylation and NR3C1 Methylation Predicts Cortisol Daily Slope in Middle Childhood.
Article in Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Examining pathways between trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms, harsh parenting, and adolescent executive functions: insights from the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- [Bayesian network analysis of harsh parenting, experiential avoidance, and adolescent short video addiction risk].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026Article
- Interplay between the HPA axis and inflammation as mechanisms therapeutic targets ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The Peripheral Epigenome Predicts White Matter Volume Contingent on Developmental Stage: An ECHO Study.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Exploring the association between the post-pandemic period and psychological problems among university students in Wuhan: a cross-sectional analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Peripheral DNA Methylation of Cortisol- and Serotonin-Related Genes Predicts Hippocampal Volume in a Pediatric Population.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Impact of age-related changes in buccal epithelial cells on pediatric epigenetic biomarker research.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Associations between relative abundances ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Abnormal DNA methylation within HPA-axis genes years after paediatric critical illness.Clinical epigenetics · 2024Article
- Perceived Parental Support and Psychological Control, DNA Methylation, and Loneliness: Longitudinal Associations Across Early Adolescence.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2023Article
- Relationship between Harsh Parenting and Aggressive Behaviors in Male Juvenile Delinquents: Potential Mediating Roles of Peer Victimization and Hostile Attribution Bias.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Family processes and structure: Longitudinal influences on adolescent disruptive and internalizing behaviors.Family relations · 2023Article
- Chronic stress from adolescence to adulthood increases adiposity and anxiety in rats with decreased expression ofFrontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Child DNA methylation in a randomised controlled trial of a video-feedback intervention to promote positive parenting and sensitive discipline (VIPP-SD).Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
- Pilot study suggests DNA methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) is associated with MDMA-assisted therapy treatment response for severe PTSD.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- The DREAM BIG project as a model for harmonizing early measures of parental care and parent-child interactions across epidemiological cohorts.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
- DNA methylation in blood cells is associated with cortisol levels in offspring of mothers who had prenatal post-traumatic stress disorder.Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2022Article
- Common and Rare Genetic Variants That Could Contribute to Severe Otitis Media in an Australian Aboriginal Population.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- HPA axis dysregulation is associated with differential methylation of CpG-sites in related genes.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- DNA methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene predicts substance use in adolescence: longitudinal data from over 1000 young individuals.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Adverse experiences in childhood are associated with altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function and negative health outcomes throughout life. It is now commonly accepted that abuse and neglect can alter epigenetic regulation of HPA genes. Accumulated evidence suggests harsh parenting practices such as spanking are also strong predictors of negative health outcomes. We predicted harsh parenting at 2.5 years old would predict HPA gene DNA methylation similarly to abuse and neglect, and cortisol output at 8.5 years old. Saliva samples were collected three times a day across 3 days to estimate cortisol diurnal slopes. Methylation was quantified using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC array BeadChip (850 K) with DNA collected from buccal cells. We used principal components analysis to compute a summary statistic for CpG sites across candidate genes. The first and second components were used as outcome variables in mixed linear regression analyses with harsh parenting as a predictor variable. We found harsh parenting significantly predicted methylation of several HPA axis genes, including novel gene associations with AVPRB1, CRHR1, CRHR2, and MC2R (FDR corrected p < 0.05). Further, we found NR3C1 methylation predicted a steeper diurnal cortisol slope. Our results extend the current literature by demonstrating harsh parenting may influence DNA methylation similarly to more extreme early life experiences such as abuse and neglect. Further, we show NR3C1 methylation is associated with diurnal HPA function. Elucidating the molecular consequences of harsh parenting on health can inform best parenting practices and provide potential treatment targets for common complex disorders.
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