ReviewDiabetes & metabolic syndrome
Role of oxidized LDL-induced "trained macrophages" in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and benefits of pioglitazone: A hypothesis.
Review in Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preadmission use of antidiabetic medications and mortality among patients with COVID-19 having type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2022Pooled it
- Association Between Anti-diabetic Agents and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Archives of medical research · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19 Pathophysiology Predicts That Ischemic Stroke Occurrence Is an Expectation, Not an Exception-A Systematic Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Role of Trained Immunity in Heath and Disease.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Oxidative stress indexes as biomarkers of the severity in COVID-19 patients.International journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Antidiabetic Drug Efficacy in Reduction of Mortality during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- COVID-19: Diabetes Perspective-Pathophysiology and Management.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Increase in gut permeability and oxidized ldl is associated with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Alteration in Redox Status and Lipoprotein Profile in COVID-19 Patients with Mild, Moderate, and Severe Pneumonia.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
- Importance of Efferocytosis in COVID-19 Mortality.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Review
- Article
- Two Faces of Macrophages: Training and Tolerance.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- COVID-19 infection, progression, and vaccination: Focus on obesity and related metabolic disturbances.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Review
- Therapy of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Problems of Pathogenesis and Pathogenetic Therapy of COVID-19 from the Perspective of the General Theory of Pathological Systems (General Pathological Processes).International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression.Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes · 2021Article
- Decreased Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level Indicates Poor Prognosis of Severe and Critical COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Interplay of Opposing Effects of the WNT/β-Catenin Pathway and PPARγ and Implications for SARS-CoV2 Treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- A Potent SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody That Reduces Viral Burden and Disease Severity in Syrian Hamsters.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Perspectives of Antidiabetic Drugs in Diabetes With Coronavirus Infections.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsOlder adults and people who have cardiovascular disorders (their common pathogenetic mechanism is progressive atherosclerosis) are at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). Their common pathogenetic mechanism is progressive atherosclerosis in which oxLDL (oxidized LDL) plays major role. Receptor-mediated uptake of oxLDL by the monocyte-derived macrophages activates the long-term epigenetic reprogramming of innate immunity, which is termed "trained immunity." The aim of this work is to investigate the mechanisms and treatment possibilities that can control the activities of these specific macrophages.
methodsSearch in Medline and PubMed relevant articles on the trained immunity and cytokine storm of COVID-19. RESULTS AND
conclusionsWhen oxLDL-trained macrophages encounter SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) in the lung, it causes unregulated cytokine secretion, leading to the alveolar damage. Therefore, blocking macrophage training by pioglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, could control the hyperactivation that the virus would trigger.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.