Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32470754›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2020

The growing transition from lifetime marijuana use to frequent use among 12th grade students: U.S. National data from 1976 to 2019.

Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Marijuana, e-cigarette, and tobacco product use in young adults who underwent pediatric bariatric surgery.Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery · 2023
    Observational
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Traditional risk and cultural protection: Correlates of alcohol and cannabis co-use among African-American adolescents.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2021
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yvonne M Terry-McElrathInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan, PO Box 1248, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248, USA. Electronic address: yterry@umich.edu.
Patrick M O'MalleyInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan, PO Box 1248, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248, USA. Electronic address: pomalley@umich.edu.
Lloyd D JohnstonInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan, PO Box 1248, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248, USA. Electronic address: lloydj@umich.edu.
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Monitoring the Future: Drug Use & Lifestyles of American Youth (Supp1: Nicotine Pouch and E-cigarette Use Among US Adolescents: National Estimates of Brand Use and Flavor Preferences)R01DA001411 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Richard A Miech · 1985 to 2026
$144.9M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA001411
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMore United States adolescents now report high-frequency marijuana use than similar use levels of alcohol or tobacco. Increased high-frequency use raises questions such as (a) is frequent use likelihood growing among adolescents who experiment with use? (b) Is such change observed equally across sex and racial/ethnic subgroups? (c) Have sociodemographic and other covariate associations with frequent use changed over time?

methodsData were obtained from 649,505 12th grade students participating in the cross-sectional, nationally-representative Monitoring the Future study from 1976 to 2019. Historical trends were modeled for any and frequent (20+ occasions) past 30-day marijuana use among all students and lifetime users, and lifetime user sex and racial/ethnic subgroups. Multivariable logistic regression estimates from 1989 to 1993 (lowest prevalence years) versus 2015-2019 (most recent years) were compared to examine covariate association changes with frequent use.

resultsAmong all students, recent linear trends in any and frequent marijuana use were not significantly different from zero (0.023 [SE 0.156] and 0.036 [0.073], respectively); frequent use among lifetime users increased (0.233 [0.107], p = 0.048). Among lifetime users, the increase was stronger for male than female students, and for minority versus White students. Significant association changes with race/ethnicity, parental education, and perceived risk were observed.

conclusionsThe proportion of adolescent lifetime marijuana users reporting current frequent marijuana use increased, and is now at near-record levels. Increases were particularly strong among males and minority students. There appears to be an increasing likelihood that adolescents who experiment with marijuana use may progress to frequent use.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdolescent BehaviorCross-Sectional StudiesDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansMaleMarijuana UseSelf ReportStudentsUnited StatesAdolescentCannabisFrequent useMarijuanaRace/ethnicitySex

Identifiers

PMID32470754
PMCPMC7371016
OpenAlexW3026685971

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.