Trial reportDrug and alcohol dependence2020
Links between suicidal intent, polysubstance use, and medical treatment after non-fatal opioid overdose.
Trial report in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pilot randomized controlled trial of a brief strategy to prevent suicide after discharge from residential addiction treatment.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Trial
- The Emergency Department Longitudinal Integrated Care (ED-LINC) intervention targeting opioid use disorder: A pilot randomized clinical trial.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2022Trial
- Review
- A Comparative Analysis of Opioid Overdose Hospitalizations Pre- and Post-Pandemic: Insights from the National Inpatient Sample Database.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2026Article
- Article
- Identifying key risk factors for intentional self-harm, including suicide, among a cohort of people prescribed opioid agonist treatment: A predictive modelling study.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Observational
- Means to an end: Characteristics and follow-up of emergency department patients with a history of suicide attempt via medication overdose.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2025Article
- The relationship between felt stigma and non-fatal overdose among rural people who use drugs.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Incidence of suicide and self-harm among people with opioid use disorder and the impact of opioid agonist treatment: A retrospective data linkage study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Patterns of polysubstance use and clinical comorbidity among persons seeking substance use treatment: An observational study.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Observational
- High suicidality predicts overdose events among people with substance use disorder: A latent class analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Prevalence and correlates of using opioids alone among individuals in a residential treatment program in Michigan: implications for overdose mortality prevention.Harm reduction journal · 2022Article
- Opioid poisoning cases aged 50+ in the 2015-2020 National Poisoning Data System: suspected suicides versus unintentional poisoning and other intentional misuse/abuse.Drug and chemical toxicology · 2022Article
- Suicidality as a Predictor of Overdose among Patients with Substance Use Disorders.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Suicidal motivations among opioid overdose survivors: Replication and extension.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Development and assessment of a community-based screening tool for mental health disorders among people who inject drugs.Drug and alcohol review · 2022Article
- Prevalences of and characteristics associated with single- and polydrug-involved U.S. Emergency Department Visits in 2018.Addictive behaviors · 2022Article
- Co-use among confidants: An examination of polysubstance use and personal relationships in southeastern Nebraska.Addictive behaviors · 2022Article
- Review
- Genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response induced by crack-cocaine: relevance to carcinogenesis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSuicidal thinking during non-fatal overdose may elevate risk for future completed suicide or intentional overdose. Long-term outcomes following an intentional non-fatal overdose may be improved through specific intervention and prevention responses beyond those designed for unintentional overdoses, yet little research has assessed suicidal intent during overdoses or defined characteristics that differentiate these events from unintentional overdoses.
methodsPatients with a history of opioid overdose (n = 274) receiving residential addiction treatment in the Midwestern United States completed self-report surveys to classify their most recent opioid overdose as unintentional, actively suicidal (wanted to die), or passively suicidal (didn't care about the risks). We characterized correlates of intent using descriptive statistics and prevalence ratios. We also examined how intent related to thoughts of self-harm at the time of addiction treatment.
resultsOf opioid overdoses, 51 % involved suicidal intent (44 % passive and 7 % active). Active suicidal intent was positively associated with hospitalization. Active/passive intent (vs. no intent, aPR: 2.2, 95 % CI: 1.4-3.5) and use of ≥5 substances (vs. 1 substance, aPR: 3.6, 95 % CI: 1.2-10.6) at the last opioid overdose were associated with having thoughts of self-harm or suicide in the 2 weeks before survey completion in adjusted models. Participants who reported active/passive intent more commonly used cocaine or crack (27 %) with opioids during their last overdose relative to unintentional overdoses (16 %).
conclusionsOver half of opioid overdoses among individuals in addiction treatment involved some degree of suicidal thinking. Identifying patients most at risk will facilitate better targeting of suicide prevention and monitoring services.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.