SynthesisJournal of medical virology2020
Estimation of the basic reproduction number, average incubation time, asymptomatic infection rate, and case fatality rate for COVID-19: Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of medical virology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 110 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Estimation of the COVID-19 mean incubation time: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and sensitivity analysis.Journal of medical virology · 2022Pooled it
- Bayesian inference for asymptomatic COVID-19 infection rates.Statistics in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of clinical practice · 2021Pooled it
- Assessment of basic reproductive number for COVID-19 at global level: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Estimation of the basic reproduction number, average incubation time, asymptomatic infection rate, and case fatality rate for COVID-19: Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis.Journal of medical virology · 2020Pooled it
- From SARS and MERS to COVID-19: a brief summary and comparison of severe acute respiratory infections caused by three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses.Respiratory research · 2020Pooled it
- Reproductive number of coronavirus: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on global level evidence.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Estimation of transmission distance between cases of (re-)emerging respiratory infectious diseases and its potential application in outbreak response.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2026Article
- Estimating the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 transmission in the Netherlands.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Post-mortem study of endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV-NL63, OC43, 229E and HKU-1) in deaths of children under five in low- and middle-income countries: Findings from the Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) study.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2025Article
- Comparison of COVID-19 testing strategies and costs for professional sports teams: A case study of J. League clubs.PloS one · 2025Article
- Comparing multiple infection control measures in a nursing home setting: a simulation study.Infection control and hospital epidemiology · 2024Article
- [Implementation of isotermic PCR for detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2024Article
- Inhibition of bradykinin in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a randomised, double-blind trial of icatibant compared with placebo (ICASARS).BMJ open · 2023Article
- Antiviral Effect of 5'-Arylchalcogeno-3-aminothymidine Derivatives in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Estimation of epidemiological parameters and ascertainment rate from early transmission of COVID-19 across Africa.Royal Society open science · 2023Article
- Quantifying the effect of isolation and negative certification on COVID-19 transmission.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Analysis of the Virus SARS-CoV-2 as a Potential Bioweapon in Light of International Literature.Military medicine · 2023Article
- How to avoid a local epidemic becoming a global pandemic.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- The disproportionate case-fatality ratio of COVID-19 between countries with the highest vaccination rates and the rest of the world.IJID regions · 2023Article
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrigendum.2022
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has been found to be caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, comprehensive knowledge of COVID-19 remains incomplete and many important features are still unknown. This manuscript conducts a meta-analysis and a sensitivity study to answer the questions: What is the basic reproduction number? How long is the incubation time of the disease on average? What portion of infections are asymptomatic? And ultimately, what is the case fatality rate? Our studies estimate the basic reproduction number to be 3.15 with the 95% CI (2.41-3.90), the average incubation time to be 5.08 days with the 95% CI (4.77-5.39) (in day), the asymptomatic infection rate to be 46% with the 95% CI (18.48%-73.60%), and the case fatality rate to be 2.72% with 95% CI (1.29%-4.16%) where asymptomatic infections are accounted for.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.