ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2020
The human tumor microbiome is composed of tumor type-specific intracellular bacteria.
2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,575 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1,575citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
94.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase II Trial of Pembrolizumab in Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUPem)
Study of the Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Ovarian Cancer
Who cites it
1,575 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 2,260 citations in OpenAlex.
- The gut microbiota-obesity axis in the pathogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer.Annals of medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Isolation of Bacteria and Fungi from Human Pancreatic Tumors and Duodenum.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Full-length 16S rRNA nanopore sequencing enables species resolution ofGut microbes · 2026Article
- Modulation of the response to immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer: the role of the microbiota and microbial metabolites in the tumor microenvironment.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Altered crosstalk of bacterial lipopolysaccharide with immune cells in colorectal cancer compared to paired adjacent intestinal tissue.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- IntratumorGut microbes · 2026Article
- Microbial epigenetic regulation as a multilevel regulatory interface in host-microbe interactions.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The "oral-gut axis" transmission of microorganisms in colorectal cancer: Insights fromVirulence · 2026Review
- Systematic quantification and removal of host DNA contamination in 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Quantitative biology (Beijing, China) · 2026Article
- Microbiota and head and neck cancers: Mechanistic insights and translational potential.Virulence · 2026Review
- Microbiome interactions in renal cell carcinoma: evidence, challenges and opportunities.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Intratumoral microbiota in cancer immunotherapy: metabolic-epigenetic crosstalk and engineered bacterial therapeutics.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Obesity and Age Elevate Tissue-Resident Microbiota Akkermansia muciniphila to Induce Oxidative Stress and Promote Breast Cancer Risk.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Review
- Can nanozymes make the leap to the clinic? Advances, hurdles, and prospects.Trends in biotechnology · 2026Review
- GLP-1 receptor agonists at the crossroads of diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- The Microbiome in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms, Tumor-Immune Interactions, and Translational Perspectives.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Exploratory study to evaluate the combined effect of CBM588:Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Bibliometric analysis of research trends and hotspots on the microbial mediation effects.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Article
- Integrative microbiome and functional profiling identifymSystems · 2026Article
1,515 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
61 authors at 16 institutions in 7 countries.
Deborah Nejman *Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0001-5176-9600
Ilana Livyatan *Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-5670-7203
Garold Fuks *Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-5851-5483
Nancy GavertDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0003-1639-4684
Yaara ZwangDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-5387-4663
Leore T GellerDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0003-2985-6622
Aviva Rotter-MaskowitzDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0001-6091-5470
Roi WeiserDivision of Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-4522-6404
Giuseppe MallelDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-8673-7526
Elinor GigiDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Arnon MeltserDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-7894-9756
Gavin M DouglasDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5164-6707
Iris KamerInstitute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-1707-4730
Vancheswaran GopalakrishnanDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8704-035X
Tali DadoshDepartment of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Smadar Levin-ZaidmanDepartment of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0003-4519-5326
Sofia AvnetOrthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7843-0591
Tehila AtlanDepartment of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel.ORCID 0000-0001-6836-7659
Zachary A CooperTranslational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1059-0940
Reetakshi AroraDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Alexandria P CogdillDepartment of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8917-9462
Md Abdul Wadud KhanDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5258-240X
Gabriel OlogunDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3652-0860
Yuval BussiDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0003-0365-431X
Adina WeinbergerDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0003-2231-4687
Maya Lotan-PompanDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0001-5045-4498
Ofra GolaniDepartment of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-9793-236X
Gili PerryCancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.ORCID 0000-0003-0548-4465
Merav RokahDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.ORCID 0000-0003-4794-6226
Keren Bahar-ShanyCancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Elisa A RozemanDepartment of Medical Oncology and Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Christian U BlankDepartment of Medical Oncology and Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Anat RonaiPediatric Gastroenterology Institute, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
Ron ShaoulPediatric Gastroenterology Institute, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
Amnon AmitFaculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-7155-1921
Tatiana DorfmanDivision of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
Ran KremerDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
Zvi R CohenSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Sagi HarnofSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.ORCID 0000-0001-7390-6266
Tali SiegalNeuro-Oncology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.
Einav Yehuda-ShnaidmanInstitute of Pathology, Megalab, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Rehovot, Israel.
Einav Nili Gal-YamBreast Oncology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Hagit ShapiraInstitute of Pathology, Megalab, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Rehovot, Israel.
Nicola BaldiniOrthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2228-3833
Morgan G I LangilleDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-6604-3009
Alon Ben-NunSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Bella KaufmanSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Aviram NissanDepartment of Surgical Oncology (Surgery C), Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Talia GolanSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Maya DadianiCancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-1561-0755
Keren LevanonSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-5122-064X
Jair BarSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-1224-3646
Shlomit Yust-KatzSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.ORCID 0000-0001-8760-1818
Iris BarshackSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Daniel S PeeperDivision of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Dan J RazDivision of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Eran SegalDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-6859-1164
Jennifer A WargoDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3438-7576
Judith SandbankInstitute of Pathology, Megalab, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-4228-3358
Noam Shental *Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, The Open University of Israel, Ra'anana, Israel.ORCID 0000-0001-9645-3773
Ravid Straussman *Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. ravidst@weizmann.ac.il.ORCID 0000-0002-9476-329X
Weizmann Institute of Science · ILTel Aviv University · ILSheba Medical Center · ILThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center · USRambam Health Care Campus · ILMaccabi Healthcare Services · ILDalhousie University · CAIstituto Ortopedico Rizzoli · ITOncode Institute · NLAstraZeneca (Japan) · JPCity Of Hope National Medical Center · USJerusalem College of Technology · ILOpen University of Israel · ILRabin Medical Center · ILTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology · ILThe Netherlands Cancer Institute · NL
Funding
Transgenic Mouse FacilityP30CA033572 · NCI · CITY OF HOPE/BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI STANLEY R. HAMILTON · 1985 to 2026
$86.3MTRAINING OF ACADEMIC SURGICAL ONCOLOGISTST32CA009599 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR · PI Ashley M Holder, Jennifer A. Wargo · 1988 to 2026
$13.2MNCI NIH HHS P30 CA033572NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009599
Abstract
Bacteria were first detected in human tumors more than 100 years ago, but the characterization of the tumor microbiome has remained challenging because of its low biomass. We undertook a comprehensive analysis of the tumor microbiome, studying 1526 tumors and their adjacent normal tissues across seven cancer types, including breast, lung, ovary, pancreas, melanoma, bone, and brain tumors. We found that each tumor type has a distinct microbiome composition and that breast cancer has a particularly rich and diverse microbiome. The intratumor bacteria are mostly intracellular and are present in both cancer and immune cells. We also noted correlations between intratumor bacteria or their predicted functions with tumor types and subtypes, patients' smoking status, and the response to immunotherapy.
Indexed as
MicrobiotaBacteriaBreastColonFemaleHumansImmunotherapyLungMacrophagesMaleNeoplasmsOvaryRNA, Ribosomal, 16SRNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT03752333ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06272240ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.