ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2020
Influence of Different Inactivation Methods on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 RNA Copy Number.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of heat inactivation on RT-qPCR detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): an experience from the University Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, SerbiaArhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju · 2025Article
- Microglia dysfunction, neurovascular inflammation and focal neuropathologies are linked to IL-1- and IL-6-related systemic inflammation in COVID-19.Nature neuroscience · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of TRIzol in Inactivating Animal Pathogens.Applied biosafety : journal of the American Biological Safety Association · 2023Review
- Water bath is more efficient than hot air oven at thermal inactivation of coronavirus.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells induce a memory phenotype in CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Digital PCR Applications in the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Era: a Roadmap for Future Outbreaks.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Effect of heat inactivation and bulk lysis on real-time reverse transcription PCR detection of the SARS-COV-2: an experimental study.BMC research notes · 2022Article
- High-Throughput COVID-19 Testing of Naso-Oropharyngeal Swabs Using a Sensitive Extraction-Free Sample Preparation Method.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Determining Viral Disinfection Efficacy of Hot Water Laundering.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2022Article
- Comparison of reverse-transcription qPCR and droplet digital PCR for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical specimens of hospitalized patients.Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Effect of heat inactivation for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) with reverse transcription real time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR): evidence from Ethiopian study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Spreads Globally Through the Object-to-Human Transmission of Cross-Border Logistics.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Qualitative and quantitative effects of thermal treatment of naso-oropharyngeal samples before cobas SARS-CoV-2 testing.Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease · 2021Article
- Direct Viral RNA Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and DENV in Inactivated Samples by Real-Time RT-qPCR: Implications for Diagnosis in Resource Limited Settings with Flavivirus Co-Circulation.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by β-propiolactone causes aggregation of viral particles and loss of antigenic potential.Virus research · 2021Article
- Article
- Evaluation of aPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A Robust, Safe, and Scalable Magnetic Nanoparticle Workflow for RNA Extraction of Pathogens from Clinical and Wastewater Samples.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2021Article
- Applications of digital PCR in COVID-19 pandemic.View (Beijing, China) · 2021Review
- Inactivation of Human Coronavirus by FATHHOME's Dry Sanitizer Device: Rapid and Eco-Friendly Ozone-Based Disinfection of SARS-CoV-2.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread across the world and was characterized as a pandemic. To protect medical laboratory personnel from infection, most laboratories inactivate the virus causing COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in clinical samples before testing. However, the effect of inactivation on the detection results remains unknown. Here, we used a digital PCR assay to determine the absolute SARS-CoV-2 RNA copy number in 63 nasopharyngeal swab samples and assess the effect of inactivation methods on viral RNA copy number. Viral inactivation was performed by three different methods: (i) incubation with the TRIzol LS reagent for 10 min at room temperature, (ii) heating in a water bath at 56°C for 30 min, and (iii) high-temperature treatment, including autoclaving at 121°C for 20 min, boiling at 100°C for 20 min, and heating at 80°C for 20 min. Compared to the amount of RNA in the original sample, TRIzol treatment destroyed 47.54% of the nucleocapsid protein (N) gene and 39.85% of open reading frame (ORF) 1ab. For samples treated at 56°C for 30 min, the copy number of the N gene and ORF 1ab was reduced by 48.55% and 56.40%, respectively. The viral RNA copy number dropped by 50 to 66% after heating at 80°C for 20 min. Nearly no viral RNA was detected after autoclaving at 121°C or boiling at 100°C for 20 min. These results indicate that inactivation reduced the quantity of detectable viral RNA and may cause false-negative results, especially in weakly positive cases. Thus, use of the TRIzol reagent rather than heat inactivation is recommended for sample inactivation, as the TRIzol reagent had the least effect on the RNA copy number among the tested methods.
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Registered trials
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