ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2020
On the Role of Peripheral Sensory and Gut Mu Opioid Receptors: Peripheral Analgesia and Tolerance.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early detection of opioid-induced constipation in patients initiating weak opioids for chronic non-cancer pain.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Experimental Investigation of Fentanyl Analgesic Potency and Its Relationship with Endogenous Adrenaline Levels in Rats.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Perinatal morphine exposure induces long-term changes in the intestinal microbiota of male and female rats.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Glycine Transporter 1 Inhibitors Minimize the Analgesic Tolerance to Morphine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Opioid Use and Gut Dysbiosis in Cancer Pain Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Chronic Visceral Pain: New Peripheral Mechanistic Insights and Resulting Treatments.Gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Efficacy of Continuous Intravenous Fentanyl for Oral Mucosal Pain in Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: A Case Report.Cureus · 2024Article
- Glycine Transporter 1 Inhibitors: Predictions on Their Possible Mechanisms in the Development of Opioid Analgesic Tolerance.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Insights into the Current and Possible Future Use of Opioid Antagonists in Relation to Opioid-Induced Constipation and Dysbiosis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Perinatal Morphine Exposure Induces Long-Term Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota of Male and Female Rats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Peripheralization Strategies Applied to Morphinans and Implications for Improved Treatment of Pain.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Telmisartan Is a Promising Agent for Managing Neuropathic Pain and Delaying Opioid Analgesic Tolerance in Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Mechanistic Characterization of the Pharmacological Profile of HS-731, a Peripherally Acting Opioid Analgesic, at the µ-, δ-, κ-Opioid and Nociceptin Receptors.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Tyrosine 7.43 is important for mu-opioid receptor downstream signaling pathways activated by fentanyl.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Opioids and Their Receptors: Present and Emerging Concepts in Opioid Drug Discovery.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Biased Opioid Antagonists as Modulators of Opioid Dependence: Opportunities to Improve Pain Therapy and Opioid Use Management.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
There is growing evidence on the role of peripheral µ-opioid receptors (MORs) in analgesia and analgesic tolerance. Opioid analgesics are the mainstay in the management of moderate to severe pain, and their efficacy in the alleviation of pain is well recognized. Unfortunately, chronic treatment with opioid analgesics induces central analgesic tolerance, thus limiting their clinical usefulness. Numerous molecular mechanisms, including receptor desensitization, G-protein decoupling, β-arrestin recruitment, and alterations in the expression of peripheral MORs and microbiota have been postulated to contribute to the development of opioid analgesic tolerance. However, these studies are largely focused on central opioid analgesia and tolerance. Accumulated literature supports that peripheral MORs mediate analgesia, but controversial results on the development of peripheral opioid receptors-mediated analgesic tolerance are reported. In this review, we offer evidence on the consequence of the activation of peripheral MORs in analgesia and analgesic tolerance, as well as approaches that enhance analgesic efficacy and decrease the development of tolerance to opioids at the peripheral sites. We have also addressed the advantages and drawbacks of the activation of peripheral MORs on the sensory neurons and gut (leading to dysbiosis) on the development of central and peripheral analgesic tolerance.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.