ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
Depression and Anxiety in Hong Kong during COVID-19.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 402 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Health Apps for Post-Pandemic Years (HAPPY) for People With Physiological and Psychosocial Distress During the Post-Pandemic Era
Effect of App-driven Deep Breathing (NEURODIGITX) on Anxiety Levels and Quality of Life in Caregivers: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Reducing Social Avoidance Among Adolescents With Special Educational Needs
A Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Trial to Evaluate Chinese Herbal Medicines, Multivitamins and Amino Acid-containing Supplements on Mood and Sleep Quality
Who cites it
402 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of impacts of COVID-19 on depression and anxiety among general populations around the world.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of COVID-19 on individual mental health and maternal health services in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis of over 2 million people.Journal of affective disorders · 2022Pooled it
- Mental disorders following COVID-19 and other epidemics: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Comparison of an AI Chatbot With a Nurse Hotline in Reducing Anxiety and Depression Levels in the General Population: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR human factors · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Transcranial Pulse Stimulation (TPS) on Adults with Symptoms of Depression-A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Trial
- An Exploratory Trial of Brief Mindfulness-Based Zentangle Art Workshops in Family Social Services during COVID-19: Transitioning from Offline to Online.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Mental Health Correlates of Problematic Smartphone Use Among Multicultural Adolescents: The Findings From a National Survey in South Korea.Psychiatry investigation · 2026Article
- The relationship between public health emergencies and suicidal ideation: the mediating role of fear of missing out and the moderating role of conscientiousness.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Perceptions and experiences of a multicomponent traditional Chinese medicine lifestyle medicine program for depression: a qualitative study.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Article
- Alcohol consumption, mental health, and the moderating role of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic in southern Brazil.Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Mediating effect of fear of happiness between intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety among Lebanese adults.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Prevalence, persistence, and severity of 12-month and 30-day DSM-5 disorders in the World Mental Health Hong Kong Study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- The pains amidst starting a new life: investigating adjustment disorder in Hong Kong migrants' transition to the UK.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Changes in mental health stigma and well-being: knowledge, attitudes and behavioural intentions among Hong Kong residents between 2021 and 2023.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- Should I Stay at Home Alone? Lived Experiences of Loneliness Among Older Adults: A Qualitative Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Depressive symptoms and internet use among middle-aged and older adults pre- and post-COVID-19 outbreak: a network analysis.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Recent advances in biomimetic nanodelivery systems for the treatment of depression.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
342 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
It has been three months since the first confirmed case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hong Kong, and people now have a more complete picture of the extent of the pandemic. Therefore, it is time to evaluate the impacts of COVID-19 on mental health. The current population-based study aimed to evaluate the depression and anxiety of people in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic. Respondents were randomly recruited and asked to complete a structured questionnaire, including the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7), the global rating of change scale and items related to COVID-19. Of the 500 respondents included in the study, 19% had depression (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10) and 14% had anxiety (GAD score ≥ 10). In addition, 25.4% reported that their mental health had deteriorated since the pandemic. Multiple logistic regression analysis found that not experiencing the SARS outbreak in 2003, being worried about being infected by COVID-19, being bothered by having not enough surgical masks and being bothered by not being able to work from home were associated with a poorer mental health status. Psychological support, such as brief, home-based psychological interventions, should be provided to citizens during the pandemic.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.