ArticleCancers2020
Cigarette Smoking Is Associated with Increased Risk of Malignant Gliomas: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.
Article in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasma histone monomers as novel diagnostic markers in adult glioblastoma.The journal of liquid biopsy · 2026Article
- Assessment of the Type and Degree of Genomic Instability in Gliomas.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Association Between MGMT Promoter Methylation and Clinical and Lifestyle Factors in Glioblastoma: A Single-Center Study in Korea.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Environmental Hazards and Glial Brain Tumors: Association or Causation?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Effects of unburned tobacco smoke on inflammatory and oxidative mediators in the rat prefrontal cortex.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- Tobacco smoking associates with NF1 mutations exacerbating survival outcomes in gliomas.Biomarker research · 2022Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and genetic alterations in adult diffuse glioma in East Asian populations.Cancer biology & medicine · 2022Review
- A combined healthy lifestyle score in relation to glioma: a case-control study.Nutrition journal · 2022Article
- Article
- Daily Lifestyle Modifications to Improve Quality of Life and Survival in Glioblastoma: A Review.Brain sciences · 2021Review
- Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Indonesian Patients with Gliomas with IDH Mutation: Insights into Its Significance in a Southeast Asian Population.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2020Article
- Association between height and the risk of primary brain malignancy in adults: a nationwide population-based cohort study.Neuro-oncology advancesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The association between cigarette smoking and the risk of developing malignant glioma (MG) remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate this potential association in a large general population, using a well-established and validated longitudinal nationwide database. Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance System cohort, 9,811,768 people over 20 years old without any cancer history in 2009 were followed until the end of 2017. We documented 6100 MG cases (ICD-10 code C71) during the median follow-up period of 7.31 years. Current smokers had a higher risk of developing MG (HR = 1.22, CI: 1.13-1.32) compared with never-smokers, after adjusting for confounders. This association was stronger for those who smoked ≥ 20 cigarettes daily (HR = 1.50, CI: 1.36-1.64). Furthermore, having 30 or more pack-years of smoking over the course of one's lifetime was associated with an increased risk of developing MG in a dose-dependent manner, compared with never-smokers (HR = 1.31, CI: 1.16-1.48 for 30-39 pack-years of smoking; HR = 1.36, CI: 1.17-1.59 for 40-49 pack-years of smoking; HR = 1.68; CI: 1.44-1.95 for ≥ 50 pack-years of smoking). These results suggest that cigarette smoking may be associated with developing MG. Further prospective studies could help elucidate this association.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.