Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32464087›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2020

Belun Ring Platform: a novel home sleep apnea testing system for assessment of obstructive sleep apnea.

Wenbo Gu, Lydia Leung, Ka Cheung Kwok, I-Chen Wu, Rodney J Folz, Ambrose A Chiang

3 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04121923 nacompletednot on this map

Validation of a Novel Device for Screening Patients With Symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

TypeinterventionalSponsorBelun Technology Company LimitedRan2018 to 2019Enrolled70ConditionsSleep Apnea, ObstructiveArmsBelun Ring Pulse Oximeter
NCT06900530 completednot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Evaluating Sleep Quality With Emerging Technologies

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorCase Western Reserve UniversityRan2024 to 2025Enrolled52ConditionsSnoring, Sleep Disturbances, Hypoxia, Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
NCT06905951 naactive not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

The Impact Of Technology In The Myofunctional Therapy Treatment Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

TypeinterventionalSponsorCase Western Reserve UniversityRan2024 to 2026Enrolled34ConditionsObstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), Snoring, Sleep QualityArmsExercise
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. Evolving trends in novel sleep tracking and sleep testing technology publications between 2020 and 2022.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025
    Review
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  15. Progress in alternative diagnostic modalities for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: a global need.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Diagnostic accuracy of the Belun ring in children at risk of obstructive sleep apnea.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025
    Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Wenbo GuBelun Technology Company Limited, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
Lydia LeungBelun Technology Company Limited, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
Ka Cheung KwokBelun Technology Company Limited, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
I-Chen WuDepartment of Computer Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Rodney J FolzDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
Ambrose A ChiangDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

objectivesThe objective of the study is to validate the performance of Belun Ring Platform, a novel home sleep apnea testing system using a patented pulse oximeter sensor and a proprietary cloud-based neural networks algorithm.

methodsThe Belun Ring captures oxygen saturation, photoplethysmography, and accelerometer signals. The Belun Ring total sleep time is derived from features extracted from accelerometer, oxygen saturation, and photoplethysmography signals. The Belun Ring respiratory event index is derived from Belun Ring total sleep time and features extracted from heart rate variability and oxygen saturation changes. A total of 50 adults without significant cardiopulmonary or neuromuscular comorbidities and heart rate affecting medications were evaluated. In-lab sleep studies were performed simultaneously with the Ring and the studies were manually scored using the American Academy of Sleep Medicine Scoring Manual 4% desaturation criteria.

resultsThe Belun Ring respiratory event index correlated well with the polysomnography-apnea-hypopnea index (AHI; r = .894, P < .001). The sensitivity and specificity in categorizing AHI ≥ 15 events/h were 0.85 and 0.87, respectively, and the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 0.88 and 0.83, respectively. The Belun Ring total sleep time also correlated well with the polysomnography-total sleep time (r = .945, P < .001). Although the Belun Ring Platform has a good overall performance, it tends to overestimate AHI in individuals with AHI under 15 events/h and underestimate AHI in those with AHI over 15 events/h. Conclusions: In this proof-of-concept study, the Belun Ring Platform demonstrated a reasonable accuracy in predicting AHI and total sleep time in patients without significant comorbidities and heart rate-affecting medications. CLINICAL

trial registrationRegistry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Name: Validation of a Novel Device for Screening Patients With Symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04121923; Identifier: NCT04121923.

Indexed as

Sleep Apnea, ObstructiveSleep Apnea SyndromesAdultHumansOximetryPolysomnographySleephome sleep apnea testingobstructive sleep apneaphotoplethysmography

Identifiers

PMID32464087
PMCPMC7970584

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.